北斗导航系统多制式终端微带天线研究与设计

发布时间：2018-05-09 18:38

本文选题：北斗 + 微带天线　；参考：《华东师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球各大导航系统的逐步完善,尤其是我国北斗导航系统(BeiDou)的快速发展,促使导航终端设备朝着小型化、低成本、多制式(即兼容多种制式导航信号)的趋势发展。这就迫切需要具备以上特性的终端天线,来满足终端设备的发展需求。微带天线具有轮廓低、重量轻,容易实现加工制作和批量生产等优点,而且方便与其他系统相集成,这些特性使得微带天线在卫星导航终端领域得到了愈加广泛的应用。同时,这也对微带天线在实现小型化、圆极化、兼容多种制式导航系统等方面,提出了更高的要求。因此,研究和设计低轮廓、小型化的北斗导航系统多制式终端微带天线(简称北斗多制式终端微带天线)具有理论意义和实际应用价值。本文主要工作内容和创新如下： 1、对近些年来国外和国内导航微带天线的研究现状进行分析,对微带天线实现圆极化、小型化、多制式等不同技术进行分类和比较。再结合相关理论和技术,得到本文设计北斗多制式终端微带天线的方法。 2、研究并设计了一款单端口馈电、方形辐射贴片的北斗多制式终端微带天线。这款天线由两层方形贴片堆叠而成,具有兼容多个导航系统信号的多制式功能。创新：分别利用条形缝隙和枝型缝隙实现下层贴片和上层贴片的右旋圆极化RHCP(Right-Handed Circular Polarization)辐射,并应用电抗性金属面RIS(Reactive Impedance Surface)结构实现天线良好的增益和轴比性能。 3、研究并设计了一款单端口馈电、圆形辐射贴片、加载调谐枝节和缝隙的北斗多制式终端微带天线。这款天线由轮廓相同的两层圆形贴片堆叠而成来实现多制式功能,均采用对称式缝隙和调谐枝节实现天线RHCP辐射。创新：利用开口谐振环SRR(Split Ring Resonators)缝隙结构和RIS实现天线良好的轴比、增益和小型化等性能。 4、研究并设计了一款单端口馈电、圆形辐射贴片、加载非对称缝隙的北斗多制式终端微带天线。这款天线采用两对非对称缝隙实现天线的RHCP辐射。创新：提出具有非对称缝隙结构的圆形贴片可以实现天线RHCP,利用SRR缝隙和RIS实现天线良好的轴比、增益和小型化等性能。这些天线除了能够工作于我国的BeiDou卫星导航系统终端中,还可以应用于美国的GPS、欧洲的Galileo等全球卫星导航系统终端设备中。 5、结合本文的研究情况和设计成果,对文中北斗多制式终端微带天线设计的优缺点进行分析,对存在的问题进行说明,并对有可能的改进方法和研究方向做出展望,从而对下一步的研究工作有所帮助。
[Abstract]:With the gradual improvement of the global navigation systems, especially the rapid development of the Beidou navigation system (BeiDou) in our country, the trend of navigation terminal equipment is developing towards miniaturization, low cost and multi mode navigation signal, which requires the terminal antenna with the above features urgently to meet the development of terminal equipment. Microstrip antenna has the advantages of low profile, light weight, easy realization of processing and mass production, and easy to integrate with other systems. These features make microstrip antenna widely used in the field of satellite navigation terminal. At the same time, the microstrip antenna is miniaturized, circular polarization and compatible with various types of navigation. Higher requirements are put forward in the system and so on.
Therefore, the research and design of the low profile and miniaturized Beidou navigation system multimode terminal microstrip antenna (abbreviated as the Beidou multimode terminal microstrip antenna) has theoretical significance and practical application value. The main work content and innovation of this paper are as follows:
1, this paper analyzes the research status of the microstrip antennas abroad and at home in recent years, and classifies and compares the various technologies such as circular polarization, miniaturization and multi production of microstrip antennas. Combined with the related theories and techniques, the method of designing the microstrip sky line of the Beidou multi mode terminal is obtained.
2, we have studied and designed a single port feed, square radiation patch, Beidou multimode terminal microstrip antenna. This antenna is stacked with two layers of square patches and has a multi mode function compatible with multiple navigation system signals. Innovation: using strip crevice and branch slot to show the right circular polarization RH of the lower layer patch and the upper layer respectively. CP (Right-Handed Circular Polarization) radiation, and the application of electrically resistant metal surface RIS (Reactive Impedance Surface) structure to achieve good antenna gain and axial ratio performance.
3, we have studied and designed a single port feed, circular radiant patch, and a Beidou multimode terminal microstrip antenna with a tuning branch and a slot. This antenna is stacked with two layers of circular patches with the same outline to realize multi mode function. The antenna RHCP radiation is realized by symmetrical slot and tuning branch. Innovation: opening resonance Ring SRR (Split Ring Resonators) slot structure and RIS achieve good antenna axial ratio, gain and miniaturization performance.
4, we have studied and designed a single port feed, circular radiant patch, and a Beidou multimode terminal microstrip antenna with asymmetrical slot. This antenna uses two pairs of asymmetrical slot to realize the antenna's RHCP radiation. Innovation: a circular patch with asymmetrical slot structure can be used to realize antenna RHCP, using SRR crevice and RIS to realize antenna Good axial ratio, gain and miniaturization.
In addition to working in our country's BeiDou satellite navigation system terminal, these antennas can also be used in the United States' GPS, European Galileo and other global satellite navigation system terminals.
5, based on the research and design results of this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the design of the Beidou multi terminal microstrip antenna are analyzed, the existing problems are explained, and the possible improvement methods and research directions are prospected, so as to help the next research work.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN96.1

【共引文献】