频率与方向图可重构天线的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-05-10 06:10

本文选题：频率可重构天线 + 方向图-频率可重构天线　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年来，无线通信系统正逐步向超宽带、多功能、多频段等方向发展，而系统中的天线作为其出入通道，数目的大幅增加势必导致整个通信系统体积庞大、成本递增和电磁兼容性变差。“可重构天线”可根据实际情况，实时改变其电气特性，完成多个天线的能力，从而有效地减轻天线数的增加无线通信系统的影响。在涵盖多个频带，产生不同的天线极化方式和辐射方向图等方面，较以往常规天线而言有着巨大的优越性。所以分析和研究可重构天线具有显著的现实意义和广阔的应用前景。论文的主要研究内容为：一、基于U型槽微带贴片频率可重构天线进行开有U型槽的频率可重构天线的设计研究，并用HFSS软件做了相应的建模和仿真实验。该天线是在微带贴片上开U型槽缝，并在U型缝隙3个不同位置加载PIN二极管做开关，改变开关的开闭再组合其状态，即可使得天线在5种不同的状态下工作，分别具有5个相异的中心谐振频率，完成天线在多个状态下的频率可重构功能。二、新型类八木结构微带贴片方向图-频率可重构天线设计了一种新型的方向图与频率两者同时可重构的微带天线，其几何结构类似于微带八木天线，由一个激励贴片和另一个平面上的两个寄生贴片构成。天线共可工作在三个不同的中心频率，其中心频率分别为2.1GHz，2.4GHz和2.6GHz，频率的转换主要通过贴片上的PIN二极管实现，改变开关模式可以使得贴片长度发生变化。另外再使用了12个PIN二极管作开关来实现方向图在三个不同方向的可重构。实验结果显示，该天线可以在九个各异的模式下工作。较传统天线，，该设计功能，增加了天线频率可重构，即实现频率与方向图这两个电特性的同时可重构，此外，改变天线几何结构后，天线的增益和方向图的偏移角度都有了明显的提高。
[Abstract]:In recent years, wireless communication systems are gradually developing towards ultra-wideband (UWB), multi-function, multi-band and so on. However, the large increase in the number of antennas in the system will inevitably lead to the huge volume of the whole communication system. Increasing costs and poor electromagnetic compatibility. "Reconfigurable Antenna" can change its electrical characteristics in real time according to the actual situation, and accomplish the ability of multiple antennas, thus effectively reducing the influence of increasing the number of antennas in wireless communication system. It has great advantages over conventional antennas in many frequency bands, different antenna polarization modes and radiation patterns. Therefore, the analysis and study of reconfigurable antennas have significant practical significance and broad application prospects. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: First, the frequency reconfigurable antenna based on U-groove microstrip patch The design of frequency reconfigurable antenna with U-groove is studied, and the corresponding modeling and simulation experiments are done with HFSS software. The antenna is a U-slot on the microstrip patch, and the PIN diode is loaded in three different positions of the U-slot to switch. The switch is changed to change the opening and closing combination of the switch, which can make the antenna work in five different states. Each has five different central resonant frequencies, which can reconfigure the frequency of the antenna in multiple states. Second, a new type of octagon-like microstrip patch pattern-frequency reconfigurable antenna A new pattern and frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna is designed. Its geometric structure is similar to that of a microstrip Yagi antenna, which consists of an exciting patch and two parasitic patches on the other plane. The antenna can work at three different central frequencies, whose central frequencies are 2.1GHz and 2.6GHz, respectively. The frequency conversion is mainly achieved by PIN diodes on the chip, and the length of the patch can be changed by changing the switching mode. In addition, 12 PIN diodes are used as switches to reconfigure the pattern in three different directions. Experimental results show that the antenna can work in nine different modes. Compared with the traditional antenna, the design function increases the frequency reconfiguration of the antenna, that is, the frequency and pattern can be reconfigurable at the same time. In addition, after changing the geometry of the antenna, the antenna can be reconfigurable at the same time. The gain of the antenna and the offset angle of the pattern are obviously improved.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN820

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