民用航空自组织网络路由协议研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 22:20

本文选题：民用航空通信 + 航空自组网　；参考：《重庆大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：近年来，全球航空运输业的快速发展给民航通信系统提出了更高的要求。寻求一个适合未来航空业发展的全球一体化、空天地一体化新型民航通信系统解决方案已成为一件刻不容缓的事情。航空自组网有望作为一种候选技术用于新型民航通信系统而得到全球诸多科研机构和研究人员的广泛关注。天基网通信成本高、时延大、容量受限，地基网覆盖区域受限，不支持跨洋飞行，航空自组网可作为天基网和地基网的重要补充。现有的地面移动自组网路由协议不适宜航空通信环境，已有的航空自组网路由协议因其面向的应用场景与民航自组网在网络目标和网络特点上存在差异不能使用。论文作者结合国家自然科学基金课题“跨洋民用航空宽带移动通信组网及关键技术研究”，基于空中的飞机尽量通过空-空链路和地-空链路接入地基站，只有在地基站不能接通时才使用卫星的指导思想，针对民航通信场景中飞机节点高速运动、网络拓扑高动态、网络空间跨度大等特点，围绕网络健壮性、高动态拓扑适应性、网络QoS保障和路由安全等问题对民航自组网路由协议相关的理论和技术进行研究。论文的主要工作和成果如下： 1）针对民航通信系统的网络目标和特点提出基于地基接入优先，综合优质地基路径接入思想的多参数多路由优化路由维护策略，实现民航自组网中各飞机节点与地基站间路由的高效维护。该路径搜索策略通过地基站周期广播路由维护消息，各节点根据收到的路由维护消息对各对应节点到地基站的路由质量进行实时评估和选择，并在需要时转发优质路径信息，实现各飞机节点到地基站路径维护，然后利用节点往地基站的发包过程实现地基站到各飞机节点路径的维护。 2）针对民航通信网络的通信业务需求研究和分析影响链路质量和路由质量的相关因素，，并据此提出了综合可重构路由质量评估模型。该模型从跳数、时延、链路持续时间、丢包率、剩余带宽等方面综合考虑链路质量和路由质量的评价，并研究这些因素的感知和量化方法，最终结合民航通信网络的通信业务对路径特性的需求设计路由质量评估模型，为路由协议实现优质地基路径搜索和网络QoS保障提供条件。 3）针对民航自组网中高节点密度区域因节点间干扰大和空间频谱资源竞争导致网络性能下降问题，从民航自组网拓扑高动态和节点分布不均的特点出发，基于以优先保证网络中飞机节点地基接入为前提，以控制能提供节点地基接入邻居节点数目为目标调节节点发射功率的思想提出节点最佳邻居配置分布式动态拓扑优化算法。该算法可结合邻居维护过程实现，可有效提高高节点密度区域节点的通信带宽，提高网络性能。 4）针对民航自组网安全性能要求高，移动自组网容易受到攻击问题，根据民航自组网中路由层存在的安全威胁，基于从节点网络行为来判断节点可信度的思想提出基于邻居信任评估路由安全策略。该策略可结合节点邻居维护过程实现，节点通过监测其邻居的网络行为对其邻居节点进行可信度评估，确保节点维护的邻居节点为可信节点，从而提高网络安全性。论文通过搭建模拟民用航空通信环境的仿真场景对以上研究成果进行仿真分析。结果表明，结合以上研究成果设计的民航自组网路由协议能较好的保证飞机节点地基接入，且与面向高动态拓扑提出的AODV和GPSR等路由协议相比，提出的路由协议表现出更好的动态拓扑适应性、路由稳定性和网络拥塞防止能力，且具有更高的安全性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of the global aviation transport industry has put forward higher requirements for the civil aviation communication system. It has become an urgent task to seek a global integration for the development of the future aviation industry and the new air space integration new civil aviation communication system. The aero ad hoc network is expected to be a new candidate for new type of aviation industry. Civil aviation communication system has attracted wide attention from many scientific research institutions and researchers worldwide.
Space-based network has high communication cost, large delay, limited capacity, limited coverage area of foundation network, and no support for transoceanic flight. Aero ad hoc network can be an important supplement to space-based network and foundation network. The existing ground mobile ad hoc network routing protocol is not suitable for aviation communication environment. The existing avionics network routing protocol is due to its application scenarios and people. The author combines the National Natural Science Foundation of China with the National Natural Science Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundation, "cross ocean civil aviation broadband mobile communication networking and key technology research". Aircraft based on the air can be connected to the base station by air to air links and ground to air links as far as possible, only when the foundation station can not be connected. Using the guidance of satellite, in view of the high speed movement of the aircraft nodes in the civil aviation communication scene, the high dynamic network topology and the large span of network space, the paper studies the theory and technology related to the civil aviation self group network by the protocols related to the network robustness, high dynamic topology adaptability, network QoS guarantee and routing security. The main work and results are as follows:
1) according to the network targets and characteristics of the civil aviation communication system, a multi parameter multi route optimization routing maintenance strategy based on the foundation access priority and the integrated high quality foundation path access idea is proposed to realize the efficient maintenance of the routing between the aircraft nodes and the foundation stations in the ad hoc network. The path search strategy is maintained through the broadcast routing of the foundation station cycle. According to the message, each node makes real-time evaluation and selection of the route quality of the corresponding nodes to the foundation station according to the received route maintenance message, and retransmit the high quality path information when needed, realize the maintenance of the path of each node to the ground base station, and then use the node to the ground base station to realize the dimension of the ground station to each aircraft node path. Protect.
2) according to the communication service requirements of the civil aviation communication network, the factors affecting link quality and routing quality are studied and analyzed, and a comprehensive reconfigurable routing quality evaluation model is proposed. The model considers the link quality and routing quality from jumping number, delay, link duration, packet loss rate and residual bandwidth. The method of perception and quantification of these factors is studied, and the routing quality evaluation model is designed based on the requirement of the communication service of civil aviation communication network to the path characteristics. It provides the conditions for the routing protocol to realize the high quality foundation path search and the network QoS guarantee.
3) aiming at the problem of network performance degradation caused by high node density in the high node density area and the competition of spatial spectrum resources in the high node density area of the civil aviation network, starting from the characteristics of high dynamic topology and uneven distribution of nodes in the ad hoc network of civil aviation network, it is based on the premise that the ground connection of the aircraft nodes in the network is guaranteed, and the node foundation can be controlled to access the neighbor. The number of nodes is a distributed dynamic topology optimization algorithm for the node best neighbor allocation. This algorithm can be implemented in the neighborhood maintenance process, which can effectively improve the communication bandwidth of the nodes with high node density and improve the network performance.
4) in view of the high security performance requirements of the ad hoc network, the mobile ad hoc network is vulnerable to attack. According to the security threat existing in the self organizing network of the civil aviation network, the idea of routing security based on neighbor trust assessment is proposed based on the idea of neighbor trust evaluation based on the behavior of node network. This strategy can be implemented in the process of node neighbor maintenance. By monitoring the network behavior of their neighbors, the nodes evaluate their neighbor nodes to ensure that the nodes maintained by the nodes are trusted nodes, thus improving the network security.
The simulation scene of the simulation of civil aviation communication environment is built to simulate and analyze the above research results. The results show that the civil aviation ad hoc network routing protocol designed with the above research results can guarantee the access of the aircraft node foundation better, and compared with the AODV and GPSR routing protocols for high dynamic topology. Routing protocol shows better dynamic topology adaptability, routing stability and network congestion prevention capability, and has higher security.

【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN915.04

【参考文献】