面向车队自组网的移动模型及其多信道多跳路由协议研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 02:18

本文选题：车队自组网 + 车队移动模型　；参考：《华南理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来，车载自组网技术在汽车普及和无线通信技术发展的背景下成为一个新兴的研究领域。许多车辆形成车队出行，通信应用需求日渐强烈。本文研究面向车队自组网的移动模型及其多信道多跳路由协议。单信道的网络因容量有限，容易出现信道竞争和网络拥塞。虽然车载环境无线接入协议（WirelessAccess in Vehicular Environment，WAVE）提供了多信道架构用于车载通信应用，然而在数据多跳传输过程中，节点之间信道的同步与信道切换过程降低了网络性能。针对该问题，本文对车队自组网的多信道多跳路由协议进行相关研究，为车队自组网提供一种性能优良的多跳路由协议。主要工作如下：第一，建立一个车队移动模型，分析车队结构的特点，车队移动的特征，以及连通性和交通因素对车队的影响，分析了车队自组网对网络协议设计的要求。第二，针对多跳数据传输中信道同步切换产生的时延问题，在车队移动模型下，设计了一种基于跨层设计的多信道贪婪路由协议（Multi-channel Greedy Routing Protocol，MCGR），其特点有（1）采用车队自组网多信道分配算法，动态地均匀分配节点的服务信道，降低信道冲突几率。（2）根据车队节点均匀分布的特点，建立多个互不干扰的信道传输路径，优化了数据传输过程，减少了更换信道带来的时延。（3）设计了多信道贪婪转发算法，优化了数据传输的下一跳选择，减少信道切换次数，降低多信道多跳传输中信道切换产生的时延。第三，，本文还针对车队对不同环境适应性的要求，设计了一种车队辅助位置服务协议（Platoon Assistance Location Service，PALS），使车队通信可以在完全不依赖于基础设施的场景下工作。第四，对MCGR协议和单信道以及多信道的GPSR（Greedy Perimeter StatelessRouting）协议进行了仿真比较。结果表明MCGR的端到端时延、吞吐量、分组投递率优于比较协议，适用于要求低时延、高带宽的车队自组网应用。同时将PALS协议进行了仿真分析，结果表明PALS能有效减少网络开销。
[Abstract]:In recent years, vehicle-mounted ad hoc network technology has become a new research field under the background of vehicle popularization and wireless communication technology development. A lot of vehicles form the motorcade travel, the communication application demand day by day intense. In this paper, the mobile model and multi-channel multi-hop routing protocol for motorcade ad hoc networks are studied. Single channel networks are prone to channel competition and network congestion due to their limited capacity. Although Wireless access in Vehicular environment WAVEE provides a multi-channel architecture for vehicle-borne communication applications, the synchronization and channel switching process between nodes reduces the network performance in the process of multi-hop data transmission. In order to solve this problem, this paper studies the multi-channel multi-hop routing protocol of the motorcade ad hoc network, and provides a multi-hop routing protocol with excellent performance for the fleet ad hoc network. The main tasks are as follows: Firstly, a motorcade mobility model is established to analyze the characteristics of the motorcade structure, the characteristics of the motorcade movement, and the influence of connectivity and traffic factors on the motorcade. Secondly, aiming at the delay caused by channel synchronous handover in multi-hop data transmission, in the model of motorcade movement, A multi-channel greedy routing protocol (Multi-channel Greedy Routing protocol) based on cross-layer design is designed. Its characteristics are as follows: (1) the multi-channel assignment algorithm is used to distribute the service channel of the nodes dynamically and evenly. According to the characteristics of uniform distribution of motorcade nodes, several non-interference channel transmission paths are established, the data transmission process is optimized, and the delay caused by changing the channel is reduced. The next hop selection of data transmission is optimized to reduce the frequency of channel switching and the delay caused by channel switching in multi-channel multi-hop transmission. Thirdly, in order to meet the requirements of different environment adaptability, a kind of auxiliary position service protocol (Platoon Assistance Location Service) is designed, which makes the vehicle communication work completely without the infrastructure. Fourthly, the MCGR protocol is compared with the single channel and multi channel GPSR(Greedy Perimeter status routing protocol. The results show that the end-to-end delay, throughput and packet delivery rate of MCGR are superior to the comparison protocol. At the same time, the PALS protocol is simulated and the results show that PALS can effectively reduce the network overhead.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5

【参考文献】