宽带、多频及小型化圆极化天线的研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 06:58

本文选题：微带圆极化 + 宽带化　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文研究了微带圆极化天线的相关理论,论述了有关微带天线的一般结构、三种分析方法和馈电方式,分析了圆极化的理论和基本特性,研究对比了微带圆极化天线的几种馈电方式。根据上述相关理论和应用需求,优化设计了三种不同特性的圆极化天线。一、由于在点对点通信、导航通信等系统中,需要天线实现宽带阻抗和轴比特性。所以本文设计的第一款天线是宽带圆极化天线。其工作频段覆盖了1.1GHz-1.6GHz。其中蝶形辐射贴片使天线具有宽带阻抗特性,宽带相位差特性的馈电网络使天线获取了宽带轴比特性。同时为改善此宽带天线的增益,在蝶形导体片的四周分别添加了方形环与圆环,使天线的增益从9 dB提升到了10.3 dB。二、基于圆极化天线的多频应用,本文设计的第二款天线是能够覆盖WLAN/WiMAX两个频段的圆极化微带天线。通过添加了多个T性和L性微扰元,使微带天线获得双频圆极化特性。为了改善其定向特性,在介质基片的底端添加了一个矩形腔,从而有效的提升了天线的定向性和增益。三、针对圆极化天线的小型化需求,本文设计的第三款天线是小型化圆极化卫星导航天线阵。其中通过短路销钉加载技术实现单元的小型化。天线的工作频段是1268.52±10.23MHz,单元的尺寸为32mm*32mm*19mm。在工作频带内单元的特性是VSWR?1.5、AR?2dB、Gain?2.1dB,半功率波瓣宽度在1160左右。在阵列中,其特性是VSWR?1.5、AR?2.2dB、Gain??1.5dB。所以其较好的适应了小型化阵列的需要。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the related theories of microstrip circular polarization antenna are studied, and the general structure, three analytical methods and feeding modes of microstrip antenna are discussed. The theory and basic characteristics of circular polarization are analyzed. Several feeding modes of microstrip circularly polarized antenna are studied and compared. According to the above theory and application requirements, three kinds of circularly polarized antennas with different characteristics are optimized. Firstly, the wideband impedance and axial ratio characteristics of antenna are needed in point-to-point communication, navigation communication and other systems. So the first antenna designed in this paper is broadband circular polarization antenna. The operating frequency range is 1.1 GHz ~ 1.6 GHz. The butterfly radiation patch makes the antenna have wideband impedance characteristic, and the broadband phase difference characteristic of the feed network makes the antenna obtain wideband axial ratio characteristic. In order to improve the gain of the wideband antenna, a square ring and a circular ring are added around the butterfly conductor, which increases the antenna gain from 9 dB to 10.3 dB. Secondly, based on the multi-frequency application of circularly polarized antenna, the second antenna designed in this paper is a circularly polarized microstrip antenna which can cover the two bands of WLAN/WiMAX. The dual-frequency circular polarization characteristics of the microstrip antenna are obtained by adding a number of T and L perturbation elements. In order to improve its directional characteristics, a rectangular cavity is added at the bottom of the dielectric substrate, which effectively improves the directionality and gain of the antenna. Third, aiming at the miniaturization demand of circular polarization antenna, the third antenna designed in this paper is miniaturized circular polarization satellite navigation antenna array. The miniaturization of the unit is realized by short-circuit pin loading technology. The operating frequency range of the antenna is 1268.52 卤10.23 MHz, and the size of the unit is 32mm / 32mm-1 / 19mm. The characteristics of the cell in the working frequency band are as follows: VSWR 1.5dBU 2dBN Gain2.1dB.The width of the half-power lobe is about 1160. In the array, the characteristics are: VSWR1. 5 ~ (2. 2) dB ~ (2. 2) D ~ (2 +) ~ (1. 5) dB ~ (-) ~ (1.5) dB. So it adapts well to the need of miniaturization array.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN821.1

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