基于信号质量评估的动态心电分析系统研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 02:40

本文选题：动态心电图 + 信号质量评估　；参考：《东北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为疾病中的头号杀手,心血管疾病已经严重威胁到人类的生命安全。作为心脏活动在体表的综合反映,心电信号被广泛应用于心血管疾病的预防和诊断。常规心电图采集的是人体静卧状态下的心电信号,多用于临床诊断或重症监护。动态心电图能够24小时不间断的记录人体在日常活动过程中的心电信号变化情况,弥补了静态心电只能对短时和静止状态下心电分析的不足,可以有效检测突发性和一过性的心律失常、心肌缺血等心血管疾病。因此,对于日常行为下的动态心电的提取和分析具有重要的意义。信号质量评估就是建立一个评价信号质量好坏和噪声大小的评估标准,将信号按质量划分为几种不同等级的信号,为下一步的处理和分析做好准备。它不是直接对信号进行整形、去噪以及特征提取等处理,而是通过噪声的特点或波形特征进行具体分析,得到反映信号质量高低的信号质量指数,对信号的整体数据或者局部数据进行综合评价。与静态心电信号相比,由于采集过程中人体处于活动状态,动态心电信号受到的外界干扰更大,噪声干扰的变化更为复杂,严重时甚至会湮灭心电信号。低质量的动态心电信号不仅加大了信号处理的难度,而且其处理的结果往往并不理想,提供的多为无效甚至错误的信息,影响疾病的监测和诊断。因此,对动态心电信号进行信号质量评估是十分有必要的。本文选取了包络差、短时能量和1-5Hz功率谱密度三种质量评估参数,定义了相应的动态心电信号的质量评估指数,并基于三种质量评估指数提出了动态心电的综合质量评估算法,对采集的动态心电信号进行了质量评估,根据评估结果将信号分为优、良、差三档,实现了动态心电信号的质量评估。此外,采用了墨西哥帽小波极大值法对滤波后的动态心电信号进行R波提取,对心电信号质量评估的结果进行了验证,并根据提取的R波结果进行了心率分析。本文提出的基于信号质量评估的动态心电分析系统主要研究了心电信号的质量评估和R波检测,并计算了相应的心率。
[Abstract]:As the leading killer of diseases, cardiovascular disease has seriously threatened the safety of human life. As a comprehensive reflection of cardiac activity on the body surface, ECG signal is widely used in the prevention and diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is usually used in clinical diagnosis or intensive care. Dynamic electrocardiogram (ECG) can record the changes of ECG in daily activities 24 hours, which makes up for the deficiency that static ECG can only be used to analyze ECG in a short time and in a static state. Can effectively detect sudden and transient arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia and other cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to extract and analyze dynamic ECG in daily behavior. Signal quality assessment is to establish an evaluation standard of signal quality and noise size, and divide the signal into several kinds of signals according to the quality of the signal, so as to prepare for the next step of processing and analysis. It is not a direct processing of signal shaping, denoising and feature extraction, but through the specific analysis of the characteristics of noise or waveform, the signal quality index reflecting the signal quality is obtained. Comprehensive evaluation of the overall or local data of the signal. Compared with the static ECG signal, the dynamic ECG signal is more disturbed by the outside world and the change of the noise interference is more complex because the human body is in the active state during the acquisition process, and even annihilates the ECG signal when it is serious. The low quality dynamic ECG signal not only increases the difficulty of signal processing, but also the result of processing is often not ideal. The information provided is mostly invalid or wrong, which affects the monitoring and diagnosis of disease. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the signal quality of dynamic ECG signal. In this paper, three quality evaluation parameters, envelope difference, short time energy and 1-5Hz power spectral density, are selected, and the corresponding quality evaluation index of dynamic ECG signal is defined. Based on the three quality evaluation indexes, a comprehensive quality evaluation algorithm for dynamic ECG is proposed. The quality evaluation of the collected dynamic ECG signal is carried out. According to the evaluation results, the signal is divided into three parts: excellent, good and bad, and the quality evaluation of the dynamic ECG signal is realized. In addition, the method of maximum value of Mexican hat wavelet is used to extract R wave of filtered dynamic ECG signal, and the evaluation result of ECG signal quality is verified, and heart rate analysis is carried out according to the obtained result of R wave. A dynamic ECG analysis system based on signal quality assessment is proposed in this paper, which mainly studies the quality assessment and R wave detection of ECG signals, and calculates the corresponding heart rate.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R540.4;TN911.7

【相似文献】