工业无线传感器网络MAC协议研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 20:26

本文选题：工业无线传感器网络 + MAC协议　；参考：《北京交通大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：随着通信网络及硬件技术的发展,具有自组织、扩展灵活等技术优势的无线传感器网络为工业系统无线感知和无线控制提供了重要手段。然而,工业现场用频设备复杂,对无线传感器网络的干扰尤为严重,这对面向应用的工业无线传感器网络数据可靠实时传输提出了新的挑战。本文针对工业无线传感器网络MAC层关键技术开展研究。主要研究成果和创新点如下：基于现场工业环境,论述了工业无线传感器网络的系统架构,并利用现场实验测试结果,分析了工业无线信道对无线信号传输的影响。提出了一种适用于工业无线传感器网络的信道接入控制协议IWSN-MAC。无线传感器网络中,基于竞争的CSMA机制和基于调度的TDMA机制无法满足工业实时应用需求。本文根据工业任务事件时间约束的不同,提出了一种以划分正交子载波的方式定义事件优先级的方法,并基于事件优先级,设计信道接入控制判决机制。该机制针对工业应用环境的复杂性以及用户设备竞争信道的随机行为,由中心控制设备根据用户设备优先级裁定信道接入优先级队列,用户设备则根据判决结果依次接入信道并传输数据。论文运用DTMC模型的分析方法,得到数据成功传输概率、吞吐量和传输延时性能指标。分析表明,本协议作为一种按需接入的且适应网络动态变化的MAC协议,能避免信道冲突产生的不确定时延问题,提供确定的且可预期的时延性能,尤其适用于突发紧急事件的工业应用。该方法在信道利用率方面也有明显优势。提出了一种工业无线传感器网络中心控制信道资源分配算法TS-CA。工业无线传感器网络是无线传感器网络和其它网络的混合网络,由于无线信道资源有限,复用信道易引发设备间的数据碰撞问题。本文以抵抗信道干扰为目的,基于人工智能理论,提出了一种通过禁忌搜索的迭代启发式思想为网络设备分配信道的方法。本算法针对工业应用环境的复杂性,将干扰温度度量作为信道分配算法的终止条件,避免搜索迭代过程陷入局部最优解迂回求解的问题。通过不断搜索迭代的过程,算法可以为网络提供一种全局最优的信道分配方案。分析表明,本算法可以有效地避免工业无线传感器网络中的信道干扰。提出了一种工业无线传感器网络自适应功率控制算法CRN-PC。本文根据工业无线传感器网络的系统特点,基于认知无线网络的分析思想,分别对工业无线传感器网络的主用户系统和次用户系统设计基于干扰温度的累积干扰模型,并根据该模型,将工业无线传感器网络的数据传输问题建模为干扰约束下的网络效用最优化问题。论文运用数学规划理论,得出功率控制问题的求解算法。分析表明,CRN-PC算法的收敛平衡点就是满足系统期望的数据传输可靠性指标的最优发射功率,并经过凸优化理论证明了算法平衡点的全局最优性。该算法在用户设备的功率资源利用率方面也有明显优势。
[Abstract]:With the development of communication network and hardware technology, wireless sensor networks, which have the advantages of self organization and flexible expansion, provide an important means for wireless sensing and wireless control of industrial systems. However, the industrial field frequency equipment is complex and the interference to wireless sensor networks is particularly serious. This industrial wireless sensor is applied to the industry. Reliable real-time transmission of network data presents new challenges.
This paper focuses on the key technologies of MAC in industrial wireless sensor networks. The main research results and innovations are as follows:
Based on the field environment, the system architecture of industrial wireless sensor network is discussed, and the effects of industrial wireless channel on the wireless signal transmission are analyzed by using the experimental test results.
In this paper, a channel access control protocol IWSN-MAC. wireless sensor network suitable for industrial wireless sensor networks is proposed. The competitive CSMA mechanism and scheduling based TDMA mechanism can not meet the needs of industrial real-time applications. In this paper, according to the different time constraints of industrial task events, a method of dividing the positive subcarrier is proposed. The method of defining event priority and designing the channel access control decision mechanism based on the event priority. The mechanism aims at the complexity of the industrial application environment and the random behavior of the competitive channel of the user equipment. The central control device adjudication the channel to the priority queue according to the priority of the user equipment, and the user equipment is based on the decision node. The paper uses the analysis method of DTMC model to obtain the successful data transmission probability, throughput and transmission delay performance. The analysis shows that this protocol is a MAC protocol which is connected to the demand and adapts to the dynamic changes of the network. It can avoid the uncertain time delay caused by the channel conflict and provide the determination. The expected delay performance is especially suitable for industrial applications with sudden emergencies. This method also has obvious advantages in channel utilization.
An industrial wireless sensor network central control channel resource allocation algorithm TS-CA. industrial wireless sensor network is a hybrid network of wireless sensor networks and other networks. Due to the limited resources of the wireless channel, the multiplexing channel is easy to trigger the problem of data collision among devices. In the theory of intelligence, a method of channel allocation for network devices is proposed by the iterative heuristic idea of tabu search. This algorithm aims at the complexity of the industrial application environment and uses the interference temperature measure as the terminating condition of the channel allocation algorithm, avoiding the problem of searching the optimal solution of the local optimal solution by the search iteration process. The algorithm can provide a global optimal channel allocation scheme for the network. The analysis shows that this algorithm can effectively avoid channel interference in industrial wireless sensor networks.
An adaptive power control algorithm for industrial wireless sensor network (CRN-PC.) is proposed in this paper. Based on the characteristics of the industrial wireless sensor network, based on the analysis idea of cognitive wireless network, the cumulative interference model based on the interference temperature is designed for the main user system and sub user system of the industrial wireless sensor network. In this model, the data transmission problem of the industrial wireless sensor network is modeled as a network utility optimization problem under the interference constraint. The paper uses the mathematical programming theory to obtain the solution algorithm of the power control problem. The analysis shows that the convergence equilibrium point of the CRN-PC algorithm is the optimal launch of the system expected data transmission reliability index. The global optimality of the algorithm's equilibrium point is proved by convex optimization theory. The algorithm also has obvious advantages in the utilization of power resources of the user equipment.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9

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