具有RFID功能的WSN节点的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-05-19 20:27

本文选题：WSN + RFID　；参考：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：无线通信中有两种重要的通信技术,分别是无线传感器网络(WSN)和无线射频识别(RFID)。二者有其各自的优缺点,将两种技术进行有效的融合,最大限度的发挥两种技术的优势将是未来研究的热点。无线传感器网络由在要监测的区域中部署大量传感器节点构成,通过zigbee组网的方式形成一个WSN网络系统,具有多跳和自组织等特点。无线射频识别技术能够自动识别物体身份信息,通过无线电磁波的信号实现。RFID技术和WSN技术有其自身技术优势和劣势。RFID技术能有效获取物体身份信息和位置信息,但传输距离有限。WSN技术具有采集环境信息能力,远距离传输,灵活组网等优点,但不能获取物体身份信息。将RFID和WSN进行有效融合可以设计出既能获取环境信息,同时能获取物体身份信息的通信系统。论文重点研究内容如下:(1)首先对系统需求进行分析,在实际应用的背景下,对系统技术进行分析,详细分析了融合RFID与WSN的系统架构,并对每一种融合架构进行分析。在此基础上确立了本文的系统设计方案,采用融合RFID阅读器的WSN节点的融合方式,设计了具有RFID功能的WSN节点。(2)实现系统硬件设计,包括RFSN节点(融合RFID阅读器的WSN节点)和汇聚节点的硬件实现。介绍了具有RFID功能的WSN节点硬件设计,包括zigbee模块、RFID阅读器模块和温湿度传感器模块的原理图设计和PCB绘制;介绍了汇聚节点的硬件设计,包括ZigBee模块和USB转串口模块的原理图设计和PCB绘制。并对各模块进行焊接与调试,然后对节点功耗进行评估。(3)实现系统软件设计,包括RFSN节点和汇聚节点的软件实现。介绍了具有RFID功能的WSN节点软件设计,包括RFID系统标签程序和阅读器程序的设计、温湿度传感器控制软件、Z-stack协议栈开发;介绍了汇聚节点的软件设计,包括Z-stack协议栈开发、汇聚节点创建网络过程及与上位机的串口通信。然后介绍了上位机界面程序设计,将终端节点获取的信息最终在界面上呈现给用户。(4)最后对具有RFID功能的WSN节点通过zigbee组网测试,满足在上位机上既能显示温湿度信息又能显示标签信息的要求。
[Abstract]:There are two important communication technologies in wireless communication, namely wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and radio frequency identification (RFID). They have their own advantages and disadvantages. It will be a hot spot in the future to combine the two technologies effectively and maximize the advantages of the two technologies. Wireless sensor network is composed of a large number of sensor nodes deployed in the area to be monitored, and a WSN network system is formed by means of zigbee network, which has the characteristics of multi-hop and self-organization. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology can automatically identify the object identity information. Through the wireless electromagnetic wave signal realization. RFID technology and WSN technology has its own technical advantages and disadvantages. RFID technology can effectively obtain object identity information and location information. However, the transmission distance is limited. WSN technology has the advantages of collecting environmental information, long-distance transmission, flexible networking and so on, but it can not obtain object identity information. An effective fusion of RFID and WSN can be used to design a communication system that can not only obtain environmental information, but also obtain object identity information at the same time. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) firstly, the requirements of the system are analyzed. In the background of practical application, the system technology is analyzed, and the system architecture of integrating RFID and WSN is analyzed in detail, and each kind of fusion architecture is analyzed. On this basis, the system design scheme of this paper is established. The system hardware design is realized by adopting the fusion mode of WSN node of RFID reader and designing WSN node with RFID function. It includes RFSN node (WSN node fused with RFID reader) and hardware implementation of convergent node. This paper introduces the hardware design of WSN node with RFID function, including the schematic design and PCB drawing of zigbee reader module and temperature and humidity sensor module, and introduces the hardware design of convergent node. Including ZigBee module and USB to serial port module schematic design and PCB drawing. Each module is welded and debugged, and then the power consumption of the node is evaluated to realize the software design of the system, including the software implementation of the RFSN node and the convergent node. This paper introduces the design of WSN node software with RFID function, including the design of RFID system tag program and reader program, the development of temperature and humidity sensor control software, the software design of convergent node, including the development of Z-stack protocol stack. The convergent node creates the network process and communicates with the host computer. Then the program design of upper computer interface is introduced. Finally, the information obtained by terminal nodes is presented to the user on the interface. Finally, the WSN nodes with RFID function are tested by zigbee network. It can display temperature and humidity information as well as label information on the upper computer.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP391.44;TN929.5;TP212.9

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