基于背向散射激光雷达技术的在线式水体污染检测系统研制

发布时间：2018-05-20 12:27

本文选题：水体污染 + 激光雷达　；参考：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：水是人类赖以生存的基础资源,目前世界上的可用水资源在不断的缩减,很多地区都存在着供水紧张,甚至水资源短缺的情况。国家对于环保的监管力度日益加强,而对于水体中的污染物的测试来说,在线水体污染物的监控设备则是必备的。化学需氧量(COD)是表明水中受还原性物质污染程度的关键指标。传统的化学法存在很多缺陷,分析速度慢、操作复杂、造成二次污染等等,而物理法中最常用的紫外吸收法则很难做到实时的在线检测。目前,市场上的水体检测系统,大部分被国外厂商所垄断,非常急需国产化。本课题设计了一款基于背向散射激光雷达技术的在线式水体污染检测系统,以ARM9+DSP为核心处理器,以激光雷达技术为检测原理,实现了水体的在线检测,目前已经完成第一阶段的研制工作。论文的主要工作如下:(1)分析了目前环境测试的必要性,介绍了当前市场上在线式污染水体检测仪器的发展现状及国内外的研究概况。并阐述了本课题的主要研究内容和研究意义。同时,介绍了传统的COD检测方法及其优缺点,并解释了为什么目前的主流监控设备无法满足目前市场需求的原因。在背向散射激光雷达技术基础上,提出了一种新的检测水体污染物的方法。(2)在理论研究的基础上,研制了一款基于背向散射激光雷达技术的在线式水体污染检测系统。主要完成了主控系统、光发射电路、光接收电路和信号处理电路的设计,并进行了分析实验。(3)通过已完成实验,验证了本方法的可行性。并对于现在研制中发现的不足提出了改进方案,为下一阶段的设计打下了良好的基础。
[Abstract]:Water is the basic resource for human survival. At present, the available water resources in the world are constantly shrinking, water supply is tight in many areas, and even water resources are short. The supervision of environmental protection has been strengthened day by day, and the on-line monitoring equipment is necessary for the testing of pollutants in water bodies. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is the key index to indicate the pollution degree of reducing substances in water. The traditional chemical method has many defects, such as slow analysis speed, complex operation, secondary pollution and so on. However, the most commonly used ultraviolet absorption law in physical methods is very difficult to achieve real-time on-line detection. At present, most water detection systems in the market are monopolized by foreign manufacturers and are in urgent need of localization. In this paper, an on-line water pollution detection system based on backscatter lidar technology is designed. With ARM9 DSP as the core processor and lidar technology as the detection principle, the on-line detection of water body is realized. At present, the first stage of development has been completed. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the necessity of environmental testing is analyzed, and the development of on-line water pollution detection instruments in the market and the research situation at home and abroad are introduced. The main research contents and significance of this subject are expounded. At the same time, this paper introduces the traditional COD detection method and its advantages and disadvantages, and explains why the current mainstream monitoring equipment can not meet the current market demand. On the basis of backscatter lidar technology, a new method of detecting water pollution is proposed. Based on the theoretical research, an on-line water pollution detection system based on backscatter lidar is developed. The main control system, optical transmission circuit, optical receiving circuit and signal processing circuit are designed, and the analysis experiment is carried out. The feasibility of this method is verified by the completed experiment. The improvement scheme is put forward for the deficiency found in the present research and development, which lays a good foundation for the design of the next stage.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X84;TN958.98

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