基于距离选通激光成像精度研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 14:20

本文选题：距离选通 + 激光成像　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：激光雷达成像是一项集激光物理学、大气光学和雷达理论一体的技术，在军事上和工程上得到很大应用。距离选通技术能对特定距离的目标成像，降低噪声的影响，提高信噪比，不仅能获得目标的强度信息，还能获得目标的距离信息，即目标的三维信息，在目标识别过程中，三维信息能获得更好的识别率。本文针对距离选通成像，研究了增益调制成像特点，进行了理论分析、仿真实验和成像实验，，并分析了成像结果。首先，调研了国内外在距离选通成像方面的研究进展，构建了激光雷达信噪比和作用距离的理论模型，对距离选通成像的精度进行了研究，参考国外的文献选择了在距离选通的基础上进行增益调制成像，通过解算目标的强度像得到目标距离信息，分析了该成像方案距离精度的影响因素，其中较为重要的两点是增益调制的特性和信噪比。其次，根据拟定的成像方案，进行了基于距离选通增益调制成像的仿真实验，使用3DMAX软件构建了成像目标，通过Visual Studio软件获得成像目标的信息，将目标数据导入Matlab进行数值计算。仿真实验获得了目标的距离信息，分析了距离精度，验证了成像实验方案的可行性。然后，对MCP的增益特性进行了研究，理论分析表明MCP增益的大小由其加载的高电压控制，调试了高压控制电路的输出电压波形，进行了增益特性测量，拟合了增益特性曲线，为成像实验做好了准备。最后，根据成像方案，搭建了成像平台，测量了脉冲延时，设定了选通门控序，调试了MCP增益，对距离60米处的目标进行了距离选通成像，根据增益调制算法和拟合好的增益特性曲线进行了数据处理，获得了目标的距离像，分析了成像的距离精度。
[Abstract]:Laser radar imaging is a technology which integrates laser physics, atmospheric optics and radar theory, and has been widely used in military and engineering. The range gating technique can image the target at a specific distance, reduce the influence of noise, improve the signal-to-noise ratio. It can not only obtain the intensity information of the target, but also obtain the distance information of the target, that is, the three-dimensional information of the target, in the process of target recognition. 3 D information can obtain better recognition rate. In this paper, the characteristics of gain modulation imaging are studied, and the theoretical analysis, simulation experiment and imaging experiment are carried out, and the imaging results are analyzed. Firstly, the research progress of range-gated imaging at home and abroad is investigated, and the theoretical models of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and operating range of lidar are constructed, and the precision of range-gated imaging is studied. With reference to the foreign literature, the gain modulation image is selected on the basis of distance gating. The target distance information is obtained by calculating the intensity image of the target, and the influencing factors of the range accuracy of the imaging scheme are analyzed. The characteristics of gain modulation and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are two important points. Secondly, according to the proposed imaging scheme, the simulation experiment based on range-gated gain modulation is carried out. The imaging target is constructed by using 3DMAX software, and the information of the imaging target is obtained by Visual Studio software. The target data is imported into Matlab for numerical calculation. The range information of the target is obtained by the simulation experiment, and the range accuracy is analyzed, and the feasibility of the imaging experiment scheme is verified. Then, the gain characteristics of MCP are studied. The theoretical analysis shows that the gain of MCP is controlled by its loaded high voltage, the output voltage waveform of high voltage control circuit is debugged, the gain characteristic is measured, and the gain characteristic curve is fitted. Preparation for the imaging experiment is made. Finally, according to the imaging scheme, the imaging platform is set up, the pulse delay is measured, the gating sequence is set up, the MCP gain is debugged, and the target at the distance of 60 meters is scanned. According to the gain modulation algorithm and the fitted gain characteristic curve, the range profile of the target is obtained, and the range accuracy of the imaging is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.52

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