雷达侦察接收机的信号预处理及实现

发布时间：2018-05-24 20:53

本文选题：数字接收机 + 数字信道化　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：雷达侦察接收机截获雷达信号,对信号进行数字化处理提取其特征参数,然后再进行分选识别和脉内特征分析,最终获取雷达辐射源位置和基本特征信息。但是现代复杂的电磁环境,要求雷达侦察接收机不仅能够处理复杂的宽带调制雷达信号,而且还能全概率截获各种信号,多信号同时处理。本课题研究和设计的侦察接收机就是在数字信道化技术基础上,实现宽带信号侦收,多信号同时处理,完成辐射源的快速识别和定位。本文主要针对接收机信号预处理部分进行研究和实现。首先,简要介绍了雷达侦察接收机的研究背景,回顾了数字接收机的发展历程,研究和分析了雷达侦察接收机的相关理论,总结了接收机的现状,设计了一种高效的数字信道化接收机。首先详细论述了数字接收机的基本概念,着重介绍了数字下变频和数字信道化的原理,研究和推导了多相滤波的理论和实现结构。然后采用数字信道化取代数字下变频实现信号的滤波和变频,设计了数字信道化的多相滤波高效实现方式,并对其进行了深入研究和分析。最终运用MATLAB工具对数字信道化及其多相滤波器组进行设计和仿真,并在FPGA中进行了仿真和实现。其次,是雷达信号基本特征参数的提取和处理,主要包括信号频率相位差、到达角相位差、到达时间和脉冲宽度等脉冲描述字参数。首先对信道化输出信号进行处理,并运用坐标旋转数字计算机算法(CORDIC)对信号进行幅相解调,提取其相位信息,应用于信号频率相位差和到达角相位差的测量,着重论述了CORDIC算法,并进行了仿真和实现。然后是单一信号相位差和不同信号相位差的计算,单一信号相位差用于计算信号频率。通过多元天线阵列的不同天线接收相同的信号,输出不同相位的信号,提取其相位差来计算信号的到达角。与此同时对信道化输出信号进行门限检测形成保宽脉冲,以便测量信号的脉冲宽度和到达时间。完成整个基本特征参数的测量,合成脉冲描述字,实现信号的分选与识别,脉内特征分析。最后,简要介绍整个雷达侦察接收机的原理、设计和实现过程。首先是方案的论证和实现,然后是接收机硬件平台的设计和主要元器件的选取等。随后是在FPGA中实现雷达侦察接收机信号预处理的整个过程,并对雷达接收机的研究成果和未来发展进行了概括和总结。
[Abstract]:The radar reconnaissance receiver intercepts the radar signal, digitizes the signal to extract its characteristic parameter, then carries on the sorting identification and the in-pulse characteristic analysis, finally obtains the radar emitter position and the basic characteristic information. But in modern complex electromagnetic environment, radar reconnaissance receiver is required not only to process complex wideband modulated radar signals, but also to intercept all kinds of signals at full probability and process multiple signals at the same time. The reconnaissance receiver studied and designed in this paper is based on the digital channelization technology to realize wideband signal detection and multi-signal processing at the same time to complete the rapid identification and location of emitter. In this paper, the receiver signal preprocessing part is studied and implemented. Firstly, the research background of radar reconnaissance receiver is briefly introduced, the development history of digital receiver is reviewed, the related theory of radar reconnaissance receiver is studied and analyzed, and the present situation of receiver is summarized. An efficient digital channelized receiver is designed. Firstly, the basic concept of digital receiver is discussed in detail, the principle of digital down-conversion and digital channelization is emphatically introduced, and the theory and realization structure of polyphase filter are studied and deduced. Then digital channelization is used instead of digital down-conversion to realize signal filtering and frequency conversion. An efficient digital channelized multiphase filter is designed, and it is deeply studied and analyzed. Finally, the digital channelization and its polyphase filter banks are designed and simulated by using MATLAB tool, and are simulated and implemented in FPGA. Secondly, the basic characteristic parameters of radar signal are extracted and processed, which mainly include signal frequency phase difference, arrival angle phase difference, arrival time and pulse width and other pulse description word parameters. Firstly, the channelized output signal is processed, and the signal is demodulated by the coordinate rotation digital computer algorithm Cordic. The phase information is extracted and applied to the measurement of the signal frequency phase difference and the angle of arrival phase difference. The CORDIC algorithm is discussed, and the simulation and implementation are carried out. Then the single signal phase difference and different signal phase difference are calculated, and the single signal phase difference is used to calculate the signal frequency. The same signal is received by different antennas of the multi-antenna array, the signal with different phases is output, and the phase difference is extracted to calculate the arrival angle of the signal. At the same time, the threshold of channelized output signal is detected to form a width preserving pulse in order to measure the pulse width and arrival time of the signal. The whole basic characteristic parameter is measured, the pulse description word is synthesized, the signal is sorted and recognized, and the in-pulse feature analysis is realized. Finally, the principle, design and implementation of the whole radar reconnaissance receiver are briefly introduced. The first is the demonstration and implementation of the scheme, then the design of the receiver hardware platform and the selection of the main components. Then the whole process of signal preprocessing of radar reconnaissance receiver is realized in FPGA, and the research results and future development of radar receiver are summarized and summarized.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.51

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