基于多通信方式的小型移动应急平台的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-05-25 09:11

本文选题：小型移动应急平台 + 应急管理　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：最近几年来全国不断发生各种自然的或人为的突发公共事件,每次重大突发公共事件都会造成巨大的经济损失,并威胁到人民的生命安全。国家对于重大公共事件发生后的处置工作越来越重视,从各种各级应急预案的制定到各种应急设备的研制和部署,可以看出,我国在应急处置和应急管理能力提升方面下了很大的决心。小型移动应急平台作为一种应急处置专用设备,与大型应急平台和中型应急平台一起构成应急平台体系,并具有方便携带、机动灵活、可随工作人员进入任何环境恶劣的事件现场等优点。对于第一手信息的采集上报和处置命令的立刻传达就有重要的作用和意义。由于突发事件现场情况各有不同,现场环境复杂多变,单一的通信手段在多数情况下不能满足事件应急处理的通信要求,需要对各种可用的通信资源进行合理有效地综合应用。而且目前现有的小型移动应急平台设备多为信息采集和通信设备的简单装载,使用时需要线缆连接和设备布设等前期准备工作,占用大量的宝贵时间,拖延整个应急处置工作的进程,因此结合多种通信方式的,高集成度,操作简单的小型应急通信设备成为亟待解决的需求。在了解应急通信领域在国内外的发展现状的基础上,本文根据应急通信的特点和要求,重点研究了几种广泛应用于应急通信领域的通信方式,并通过分析每种通信方式的优缺点,确定在设计方案中融合有线数字宽带、海事卫星、蜂窝移动通信、超短波无线图传等通信方式。并立足于现有小型移动应急平台系统架构和功能设计,通过定位准确的设备选型,将原有的信息采集处理和通信设备简化为板卡级功能模块,对这些功能模块进行集成,按照功能设计和指标要求进行电路和结构设计,最终实现了一款结合多种通信方式为一体的,小型便携且操作简单的小型移动应急平台设备。经过各种测试表明该平台能够可靠的完成突发事件应急处置时所需完成的信息采集、音视频互传、事务处理等工作。并且可以合理有效地综合利用各种通信资源,即节约通信成本,又能保证通信的可靠流畅。
[Abstract]:In recent years, a variety of natural or man-made public emergencies have occurred all over the country. Each major public emergency will cause huge economic losses and threaten the lives of the people. The state has paid more and more attention to the handling of major public events. From the formulation of emergency plans at various levels to the development and deployment of various emergency equipment, it can be seen that China has made a great determination in emergency management and emergency management. As a special equipment for emergency disposal, small mobile emergency platform, together with large emergency platform and medium emergency platform, constitutes the emergency platform system, which is portable and flexible. Can follow the staff into any adverse circumstances of the event site and other advantages. For the collection and reporting of first-hand information and the immediate communication of disposal orders have an important role and significance. Because of the different situation of emergency scene and the complex and changeable field environment, the single means of communication can not meet the communication requirements of emergency handling in most cases, so it is necessary to apply all kinds of available communication resources in a reasonable and effective way. And at present, most of the existing small mobile emergency platform equipment is simple loading of information collection and communication equipment, which requires the preliminary preparation work such as cable connection and equipment layout, which takes up a lot of precious time. It is necessary to delay the whole process of emergency disposal, so it is urgent to solve the problem of small emergency communication equipment with high integration and simple operation. On the basis of understanding the development of emergency communication at home and abroad, according to the characteristics and requirements of emergency communication, this paper focuses on several communication modes which are widely used in the field of emergency communication. By analyzing the merits and demerits of each communication mode, it is determined to integrate wideband, maritime satellite, cellular mobile communication and ultrashort wave wireless graphic transmission in the design scheme. And based on the existing small mobile emergency platform system architecture and function design, through the accurate location of equipment selection, the original information collection and processing equipment and communication equipment is simplified into card level functional modules, and these functional modules are integrated. The circuit and structure are designed according to the function design and index requirements. Finally, a small portable and simple mobile emergency platform equipment is realized, which combines various communication modes. All kinds of tests show that the platform can reliably complete the information collection, audio and video transmission, transaction processing and so on. And it can make use of all kinds of communication resources reasonably and effectively, which can save the communication cost and guarantee the reliability and fluency of the communication.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN92

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