基于数据流模式的某米波雷达测高工程实现

发布时间：2018-05-31 05:45

本文选题：米波雷达测高 + 数据流　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：米波雷达凭借其反隐身、超视距探测和抗反辐射导弹等特点,在现代战争中的地位日益提高,备受世界主要军事强国的青睐。但米波雷达受其波长限制,波束较宽,测高精度相对较低,多径信号会严重影响米波雷达对低仰角目标的探测。本文结合某米波阵列雷达,研究数据流模式下的米波雷达测高的工程实现方法,具体工作概括如下:首先,介绍了回波信号模型及几种常见米波雷达测高算法的基本原理,并结合实际工程需要对不同信噪比和不同目标仰角情况下的算法性能进行仿真分析,分析其在不同情况下的稳定性和估计精度。其次,设计了以某通用数字信号处理板为硬件平台的测高方案。首先介绍该处理板的硬件结构,再对该处理板上的一片FPGA和8片DSP根据实际功能需求进行任务分配。其中FPGA负责完成板间及板内通信接口功能,DSP主要完成测高运算功能,板内数据传输通过链路口完成,通信控制则通过IRQ中断和FLAG信号协作完成。为了提高数据处理能力,信号处理机采用了数据流模式进行数据传输和处理,将8片DSP分为两个处理组进行乒乓处理,2个仰角区为一个处理周期,前一个仰角区接收脉压数据,后一个仰角区接收检测结果、完成测高处理以及测高结果发送。通过对实测数据进行处理分析,得出适用于该测高处理板的测高算法方案,设计了粗估计与精估计相结合、多种算法分区处理的测高处理模式,在DBF粗估计的基础上,根据粗测估计值选定适合的测高方法,保证用较少的处理时间完成较高的测高精度,有效的提高了雷达的测高处理能力。最后,介绍了某米波雷达在数据流模式下的测高处理板的DSP程序实现方法及过程。DSP程序大致分为程序初始化、中断处理、数据接收及存储、点迹凝聚、测高处理和数据发送等模块,将DSP程序模块化有利于程序的移植、维护以及测试。采用C语言和汇编语言混合编程的方式以提高代码效率和DSP资源的利用率。与DSP相关的数据传输均采用DMA方式进行,实现了内核运算和数据传输的并行处理,提高了DSP处理目标的能力。着重介绍数据流模式下DSP程序保护与控制,针对数据流模式灵活性高和无时序的特点,通过数据传输的嵌套保护增加了程序整体的稳定性,而不同类型的DMA通道同时工作大大提升了数据流模式下的数据传输效率。最后通过某米波雷达的终端显示对测高处理效果进行展示。
[Abstract]:Because of its characteristics of anti-stealth, over-the-horizon detection and anti-radiation missile, Mibo radar is becoming more and more important in modern war, and is favored by major military powers in the world. However, due to the limitation of wavelength, wide beam and low precision of height measurement, the multipath signal will seriously affect the detection of low elevation target by Meter-wave radar. In this paper, the engineering realization method of meter-wave radar altimetry in data flow mode is studied. The specific work is summarized as follows: firstly, the basic principles of echo signal model and several common meter-wave radar altimetry algorithms are introduced. The performance of the algorithm with different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and different elevation angle of target is simulated and analyzed, and its stability and estimation accuracy are analyzed. Secondly, the altimetry based on a general digital signal processing board is designed. Firstly, the hardware structure of the processing board is introduced, then a piece of FPGA and 8 pieces of DSP on the board are assigned according to the actual functional requirements. FPGA is responsible for the interboard and intra-board communication interface function. DSP mainly completes the altimeter calculation function. The data transmission in the board is completed through the link intersection. The communication control is accomplished by IRQ interrupt and FLAG signal cooperation. In order to improve the capability of data processing, the signal processor uses the data stream mode to transmit and process the data. Eight pieces of DSP are divided into two processing groups for ping-pong processing. Two elevation regions are a processing cycle, and the former elevation area receives pulse compression data. The latter elevation area receives the detection results, completes the altimetry processing and sends the altimetry results. Through processing and analyzing the measured data, the altimetry algorithm scheme suitable for this altimeter processing board is obtained. A combination of coarse estimation and fine estimation is designed, and several altimetry processing modes are designed, which are based on DBF rough estimation. According to the estimation value of rough measurement, the suitable altimetry method is selected to ensure the high precision of altimetry with less processing time, and effectively improve the altimeter processing ability of radar. Finally, the realization method and process of DSP program of a meter wave radar altimeter processing board in data flow mode are introduced. The program can be divided into program initialization, interrupt processing, data receiving and storage, point trace condensation, etc. The modularization of DSP program is beneficial to the transplant, maintenance and test of the program. C language and assembly language are used to improve the efficiency of code and the utilization of DSP resources. The data transmission related to DSP is carried out in DMA mode, which realizes the parallel processing of kernel operation and data transmission, and improves the ability of DSP processing target. This paper mainly introduces the protection and control of DSP program in data stream mode. In view of the high flexibility and no time series of data flow mode, the nesting protection of data transmission increases the overall stability of the program. Different types of DMA channels work at the same time and greatly improve the efficiency of data transmission in data stream mode. Finally, the effect of height measurement is demonstrated by the terminal display of a meter wave radar.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN953.2

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