小型平板缝隙天线设计方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 20:55

本文选题：波导缝隙 + 天线综合　；参考：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：波导缝隙阵列天线就是在波导宽边或窄边上开出裂缝,并适当排列组成线阵或面阵,来满足各种天线应用的要求。它具有增益高、口径分布易控制、结构紧凑、加工方便等显著优点,在雷达天线中占有不可替代的地位。其中,波导宽边开纵缝的驻波阵,即平板缝隙天线,还具有损耗小、重量轻、功率容量大、极化纯度高、机械强度大等特点,得到了广泛应用,如战斗机上的火控雷达、导弹的引导头天线等。平板缝隙天线的设计理论虽然已经比较完备,但针对具体的工程设计仍有特殊问题需要特殊处理。本文以平板缝隙天线为研究对象,根据设计指标与其工程应用环境,在设计理论和常用设计流程的基础上,由波导缝隙的传输线模型中等效电导与激励电平的关系提取缝隙的电导值后,将缝隙长度近似为相同值,并在波导辐射面上增加角反射器。这种方法适用于平板缝隙线阵和小型面阵的设计,并且由仿真与实测结果证明了该方法的可行性。本文的主要内容为:1.分析了阵列天线的基本理论与常用天线综合方法,研究了波导缝隙天线的基本理论与设计原理,总结了矩形波导宽边纵缝驻波阵的一般设计流程。2.以实际工程设计为例,结合基于数值分析的电磁仿真软件,设计了一个工作频率为9.5GHz的10×8元平板缝隙阵列天线阵面。3.设计了一个小型化的波导功分器作为平板缝隙阵列天线的侧馈馈电网络。该功分器采用波导T型结作为结构单元,由合适的拓扑结构来控制功分器的体积,通过电感膜片调整各端口的功率分配量,使其满足天线的激励分布。经实测,本文设计的天线满足工程应用要求,并根据实测结果分析了进一步提高天线性能的相关改进措施。
[Abstract]:Waveguide slot array antenna is to crack at the wide or narrow edge of the waveguide and properly arrange to form a linear array or a plane array to meet the requirements of various antenna applications. It has many advantages, such as high gain, easy control of aperture distribution, compact structure, convenient processing and so on. It plays an irreplaceable role in radar antenna. Among them, the standing wave array with longitudinal slit on the wide side of the waveguide, that is, the flat slot antenna, also has the characteristics of small loss, light weight, large power capacity, high polarization purity, high mechanical strength and so on, so it has been widely used, such as the fire control radar on the fighter plane. The guided head antenna of a missile, etc. Although the design theory of flat plate slot antenna is quite complete, there are still some special problems in engineering design. In this paper, the flat slot antenna is taken as the research object, according to the design index and its engineering application environment, based on the design theory and common design flow. Based on the relationship between equivalent conductance and excitation level in the transmission line model of waveguide slot, the slot length is approximately the same value, and the angle reflector is added to the radiation surface of the waveguide. This method is suitable for the design of planar slot linear array and small plane array, and the feasibility of the method is proved by simulation and experimental results. The main content of this paper is: 1. The basic theory and common antenna synthesis method of array antenna are analyzed, the basic theory and design principle of waveguide slot antenna are studied, and the general design flow of rectangular waveguide wide longitudinal slot standing wave array is summarized. Taking the actual engineering design as an example and combining the electromagnetic simulation software based on numerical analysis, a 10 脳 8 element slot array antenna array surface of 10 脳 8 element plate is designed with the working frequency of 9.5GHz. 3. A miniaturized waveguide power divider is designed as a side feed network for planar slot array antennas. The power divider uses the waveguide T-junction as the structure unit, the volume of the power divider is controlled by a suitable topology, and the power distribution of each port is adjusted by inductance diaphragm to satisfy the excitation distribution of the antenna. According to the measured results, the antenna designed in this paper can meet the requirements of engineering application. Based on the measured results, the related improvement measures for further improving the antenna performance are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN823.24

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