新型宽带平面基站天线研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 12:42

本文选题：宽带天线 + 45°双极化天线　；参考：《华南理工大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：基站天线作为移动通信系统的重要组成部分，对移动通信网络的性能有直接且重要的影响。随着通信技术的发展，相继出现了使用不同频段的移动通信系统，对基站天线的研究进入到一个宽带化、多频化、双极化、小型化的时代。本论文主要研究了宽带平面基站天线的设计方法，并提出了五种具有平面结构的新型宽带基站天线。本论文的创新性内容包含以下五个方面： 1.提出了一种宽带平面基站天线，天线由一对半波振子构成，通过一段共面微带线并联，用一段L形微带线耦合馈电。详细分析了共面微带线、L形微带线以及天线距离反射板的高度对宽带平面基站天线带阻抗带宽的影响。实验结果表明天线15-dB带宽为54%,覆盖1.65-2.85GHz频段，方向图稳定，增益9dBi。以宽带平面天线为单元，设计了八单元宽带平面基站天线阵列，适用于移动通信基站系统。 2.从宽带平面基站天线出发，提出了一种宽带平面45°双极化基站天线，，天线由二个宽带平面天线单元构成。详细研究了宽带平面45°双极化基站天线的排布对隔离度的影响；实验结果表明天线15-dB带宽为48%（覆盖1.69-2.78GHz），隔离度为30dB。以宽带平面45°双极化基站天线为单元，设计了八单元的宽带平面45°双极化基站天线阵列。 3.从宽带平面基站天线出发，提出了一种宽带平面垂直/水平双极化基站天线，天线由二个正交放置的宽带平面基站天线单元构成。该天线使用了同一天线单元的E面（水平极化）和H面（垂直极化）作为不同极化的水平面方向图，通过反射板的设计，使得二种极化的水平面半功率波束宽度都为62.53°。实验结果表明天线15-dB带宽为47%（覆盖1.7-2.75GHz），隔离度为30dB。在天线单元基础上，设计了一个八单元的宽带平面垂直/水平双极化基站天线阵列。 4.提出了一种应用于LTE700/GSM850/GSM900频段的宽带平面双极化四叶草基站天线，天线由二个交叉蝶形振子构成，用一小段微带线馈电，这种馈电方式可避免使用任何形式的空气桥、跳线、短路探针以及耦合探针等结构，使天线为紧凑的平面结构。由于蝶形振子之间的耦合，天线获取了宽带性能。实验表明天线15-dB带宽约为50%（覆盖0.63-1.04GHz），隔离度为35dB。以此天线为阵元，设计了应用于LTE700/GSM850/GSM900频段的四单元宽带平面双极化四叶草基站天线阵列。由于尺寸小、带宽大，还设计了应用于2G/3G/LTE(4G)频段的宽带平面双极化四叶草基站天线及其八单元阵列。 5.提出了一种宽带平面双频基站天线，天线由一个低频单元和二个高频单元构成，低频单元和高频单元都采用印刷振子结构，高频单元嵌套于低频单元的留白空间，形成了紧凑的平面结构。实测结果表明该天线低频带宽为20%（覆盖800-980MHz），高频带宽为60%（覆盖1540-2860MHz）。设计了一个适用于2G/3G/LTE(4G)频段的四单元低频天线阵列和八单元高频天线阵列的宽带平面双频基站天线阵列，高、低频以2:1的单元数进行组阵，可避免在高频段出现栅瓣。通过上述五个方面的研究，对宽带平面基站天线的工作原理和设计方法进行了深入系统的探索和研究，丰富了宽带基站天线的天线结构与设计理论。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the mobile communication system, the base station antenna has a direct and important influence on the performance of the mobile communication network. With the development of communication technology, the mobile communication system using different frequency bands has emerged. The research of base station antenna has entered a era of broadband, multi frequency, dual polarization and miniaturization. The design method of broadband planar base station antenna is studied, and five new type of broadband base station antennas with plane structure are proposed. The innovative content of this paper includes the following five aspects:
1. a broadband planar base station antenna is proposed. The antenna is composed of a half wave oscillator. The antenna is fed with a section of L shaped microstrip line through a section of coplanar microstrip line. The influence of the coplanar microstrip line, the L microstrip line and the height of the antenna distance reflector to the impedance bandwidth of the wide-band plane base station antenna is analyzed in detail. The experimental result table will be made tomorrow. The line 15-dB bandwidth is 54%, covers the 1.65-2.85GHz frequency band, and the direction map is stable. The gain 9dBi. is based on the broadband planar antenna, and the eight unit broadband planar base station antenna array is designed, which is suitable for the mobile communication base station system.
2. from the broadband planar base station antenna, a broadband planar 45 degree dual polarization base station antenna is proposed. The antenna is composed of two wideband planar antenna units. The influence of the arrangement of the broadband planar 45 degree dual polarization base station antenna on the isolation is studied in detail. The experimental results show that the antenna 15-dB bandwidth is 48% (covering 1.69-2.78GHz) and the isolation degree is 30dB. Based on broadband planar 45 degree dual polarized base station antenna, eight unit broadband planar 45 degree dual polarization base station antenna array is designed.
3. a broadband planar vertical / horizontal dual polarization base station antenna is proposed from the broadband planar base station antenna. The antenna is composed of two quadrature wideband planar base station antenna units. The antenna uses the E surface (horizontal polarization) and the H surface (vertical polarization) of the same antenna unit as the horizontal direction map of different polarization, through the reflector plate. The design of the two polarization horizontal plane half power beam width is 62.53 degrees. The experimental results show that the antenna 15-dB bandwidth is 47% (covering 1.7-2.75GHz) and the isolation degree is 30dB. on the basis of the antenna unit, and a broadband planar vertical / horizontal dual polarization base station antenna array is designed for a eight unit.
4. a broadband planar double Polaroid base station antenna applied to the LTE700/GSM850/GSM900 band is proposed. The antenna is made up of two cross butterfly oscillators and fed by a small microstrip line. This feeding mode can avoid any form of air bridge, jumper line, short circuit probe and coupling probe, so that the antenna is compact plane. The antenna has broadband performance because of the coupling between the butterfly vibrators. The experiment shows that the antenna 15-dB bandwidth is about 50% (covering 0.63-1.04GHz), the isolation degree is 35dB. and the antenna is the array element. The antenna array of four unit planar double polarized four leaf grass base station antenna used in the LTE700/GSM850/GSM900 band is designed. Because of the small size and the large bandwidth, the antenna array is designed for the LTE700/GSM850/GSM900 band. A broadband planar dual polarized clover base station antenna and its eight cell array for 2G/3G/LTE (4G) band are also designed.
5. a broadband planar dual frequency base station antenna is proposed. The antenna is composed of a low frequency unit and two high frequency units. The low frequency unit and the high frequency unit all use the printed oscillator structure. The high frequency unit is nested in the white space of the low frequency unit to form a compact plane structure. The measured results show that the low frequency bandwidth of the antenna is 20% (covering 800-980MH). Z), the high frequency bandwidth is 60% (covering 1540-2860MHz). A broadband planar dual frequency base station antenna array of four unit low frequency antenna array and eight unit high frequency antenna array is designed for 2G/3G/LTE (4G) frequency band. The high frequency band array of 2:1 unit can avoid the gate flap in the high frequency section.
Through the study of the above five aspects, the working principle and design method of the broadband planar base station antenna are systematically explored and studied, which enriches the antenna structure and design theory of the broadband base station antenna.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN828.6

【参考文献】