电力系统广域通信网络可靠性分析及优化设计

发布时间：2018-06-09 17:57

本文选题：广域网 + 通信架构　；参考：《广西大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：电力系统越来越依赖于基于通信的信息交互。基于网络的信息高速公路已成为输配电系统的信息通信平台和技术支撑。通信网络与电力系统的可靠交互与有机融合是当今智能电网发展的关键。电力系统广域网对不同通信业务在通信的实时性、可靠性和安全性等方面都有着不同的通信需求,其中以广域保护系统和广域控制系统对通信系统的性能要求最为严格。电力系统广域网在变电站内和变电站间进行信息交换,特定时期关键信息的传输需要安全、可靠的通信系统。变电站自动化通信系统和广域测量通信系统都是电力系统广域网的重要组成部分,前者属于局域网内部通信,而后者属于广域通信,二者应分别讨论。因此,有必要针对广域通信网络中相关的特定要求从多方面展开分析,包含与通信相关的软、硬件可靠性分析与评估,研究建立符合实际需求的网络模型,提出合适的模型求解算法,建立一整套性能指标,定量评估系统的可靠性和实时性,为电力系统工程项目实施提供参考。基于图论思想,从可靠性和实时性两方面对广域网通信系统的拓扑架构和路由选择方面进行了深入的研究。首先,通过对通信介质、通信技术的对比分析,结合电力广域网通信系统的可靠性、实时性和安全性性能需求,从接入方式、承载模式和组网方式等方面提出适合当前性能需求的广域网通信系统。其次,通信网络的性能是影响变电站自动化功能的重要因素。采用连通度和韧性度等指标定量评估了几种典型拓扑结构的变电站自动化通信网络的抗毁性及生存性。根据PRP、HSR和RSTP三种冗余协议的工作机理,建立基于PRP、HSR冗余协议的变电站通信网络系统的模型,着重考虑系统的可修复和冗余等动态特性,采用动态故障树方法对变电站保护系统建模并定量评估其动态可靠性。第三,如何保证信息传输的可靠性和实时性是广域测量系统的核心。通信网络拓扑结构优化设计对信息的传输至关重要,影响着整个网络的性能。根据广域测量通信系统的流量状况,结合可靠性和实时性两方面的考虑,建立相应的度量指标及其约束条件,设计成本最小化的网络优化模型,并基于图论思想提出改进的饱和割集的算法对模型进行求解,实现广域测量通信架构的优化设计。第四,研究并建立了基于MPLS流量工程并符合电力系统广域保护QoS要求的广域保护通信系统的传输路径选择模型。提出采用启发式遗传算法对模型进行求解,利用自然数编码方法,结合电力系统广域通信的延时特性来解决流量均衡的路由选择问题,提高了编码效率,并符合了电力系统的实时性要求。
[Abstract]:The power system is more and more dependent on the communication based information interaction. The information highway based on the network has become the information and communication platform and technical support of the transmission and distribution system. The reliable interaction and organic integration of the communication network and the power system is the key to the development of the smart grid. There are different communication requirements in the aspects of real time, reliability and security. The performance of the communication system is the most strict with the wide area protection system and the wide area control system.
The wide area network of the power system is exchanged between the substation and the substation. The transmission of the key information in a particular period needs a safe and reliable communication system. The substation automation communication system and the wide area measurement communication system are all important parts of the wide area network of the power system. The former belongs to the internal LAN communication, and the latter belongs to the wide area. Communication, the two should be discussed separately. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the specific requirements related to the wide area communication network from various aspects, including the software and hardware reliability analysis and evaluation related to communication, to establish a network model which is in line with the actual requirements, to put forward a suitable model solving algorithm, to establish a complete set of performance indicators and to quantify the quantitative evaluation. The reliability and real-time performance of the system will provide reference for the implementation of the power system project. Based on the graph theory, the topology and routing of the WAN communication system are deeply studied from two aspects of reliability and real-time.
First, through the comparison and analysis of communication medium and communication technology, combining the reliability of the power wide area network communication system, the real-time and security performance requirements, this paper proposes a wide area network communication system which is suitable for the current performance requirements from the access mode, the bearing mode and the networking mode.
Secondly, the performance of the communication network is an important factor affecting the substation automation function. The survivability and survivability of the substation automation communication networks with several typical topology structures are quantitatively evaluated by using connectivity and toughness indexes. Based on the working mechanism of the three redundant protocols of PRP, HSR and RSTP, a redundant protocol based on PRP and HSR is established. The model of the substation communication network system, focusing on the dynamic characteristics of the repairable and redundant systems, uses the dynamic fault tree method to model the substation protection system and evaluate its dynamic reliability.
Third, how to ensure the reliability and real time of information transmission is the core of the wide area measurement system. The optimization design of the communication network topology is very important to the transmission of information and affects the performance of the whole network. According to the two aspects of the traffic condition of the wide area measurement communication system and the consideration of the reliability and the real time, the corresponding measurement is set up. The index and its constraint conditions are designed to minimize the cost of the network. Based on the graph theory, an improved saturated cut set algorithm is proposed to solve the model, and the optimization design of the wide area measurement communication architecture is realized.
Fourth, the transmission path selection model of wide area protection communication system based on MPLS traffic engineering and the wide area protection QoS requirements of power system is studied and established. A heuristic genetic algorithm is used to solve the model, and the natural number coding method is used to solve the traffic equilibrium path by combining the delay characteristics of the power system wide domain communication. By choosing the problem, the coding efficiency is improved, and the real-time requirement of the power system is met.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN915.853

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