量子通信在私有信息检索中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 23:21

本文选题：量子密码 + 私有信息检索　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：量子密码学是一种以量子基础理论和传统的密码学为基础的新型交叉学科,量子密码受到青睐的主要原因在于其无条件的安全性。由于量子力学基本原理可以使量子密码具有绝对的安全性,因此许多学者想到了利用量子密码的这种安全特性设计出各种以此为基础的量子保密通信系统。此类量子通信系统可以对信息进行无条件安全的传输。私有信息检索是属于安全多方计算中的重要研究内容之一。PIR问题简要来说是指查询方在信息检索过程中索引信息不被泄露。也就是说,整个过程中,数据库方无法获知用户的索引信息。私有信息检索的应用在专利数据库查询、军事、金融等领域发挥着不容替代的作用。在论文的研究过程中,本文首先对量子力学中的基础理论进行了深入学习和研究。对量子密钥分发中的基础协议以及研究背景和研究意义进行了简单介绍。其次,分析了私有信息检索面临的主要问题和挑战,并对相关的两种典型解决方案进行分析和对比研究,之后分别对两种典型协议进行了安全性及效率分析,通过归纳和比较总结了各种方案的优缺点,从而引出对以量子理论为基础的私有信息检索协议的研究意义。最后,利用量子密钥分发系统以及量子安全直传的相关知识,给出了两种可以解决抵抗第三方窃听问题的量子对称私有信息检索方案。
[Abstract]:Quantum cryptography is a new interdisciplinary subject based on quantum basic theory and traditional cryptography. The main reason why quantum cryptography is favored is its unconditional security. Because the basic principles of quantum mechanics can make quantum cryptography have absolute security, many scholars have thought of using this security characteristic of quantum cryptography to design various quantum secure communication systems based on quantum cryptography. This kind of quantum communication system can transmit information unconditionally and safely. Private Information Retrieval is one of the most important research contents in secure multi-party computing. In brief, the PIR problem means that the index information is not leaked in the process of information retrieval. In other words, throughout the process, the database can not know the user's index information. Private information retrieval plays an irreplaceable role in patent database query, military, finance and other fields. In this paper, the basic theory of quantum mechanics is studied. The basic protocol, research background and significance of quantum key distribution are briefly introduced. Secondly, it analyzes the main problems and challenges faced by private information retrieval, and analyzes and compares the two typical solutions, and then analyzes the security and efficiency of the two typical protocols. The advantages and disadvantages of various schemes are summarized and compared, which leads to the research significance of private information retrieval protocols based on quantum theory. Finally, using the quantum key distribution system and the knowledge of quantum security direct transmission, two kinds of quantum symmetric private information retrieval schemes which can resist the problem of third party eavesdropping are presented.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN918;O413

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