基于Wi-Fi的无线传感器网络节点设计与实现

发布时间：2018-06-12 16:34

本文选题：无线传感器网络 + Wi-Fi　；参考：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN)作为新一代传感器网络,正越来越多地应用到军事领域、现代农业、远程医疗、环境监测等各个领域。因此对于传统无线传感器节点要实现自组织网络的高效数据传输就成为无线传感器节点新的挑战。Wi-Fi作为目前使用比较多的一种短距离无线通信技术之一,具有传输速率快、覆盖范围广、灵活的组网方式、系统安全性高等特点,使其在无线传感器网络的应用越来越广泛。而且这种基于IP的联网技术能够非常方便地与目前企业和家庭中的以太网进行无缝连接,方便用户使用。本文首先分析了无线传感器网络的体系结构和一些常用的无线传感器网络应用。通过对IEEE802.11/Wi-Fi的协议结构、工作机制、Wi-Fi网络拓扑结构和一些常用组网方式的分析,提供了一种采用Wi-Fi无线通信技术的无线传感器网络节点设计方案。本文的主要工作如下：(1)根据无线传感器网络节点的特点,设计并实现了采用Wi-Fi无线通信技术的无线传感器网络节点系统硬件平台。其中,使用TI公司超低功耗微处理器MSP430FR5739作为主控制器,实现对加速度传感器和温度传感器数据的采集和处理,并通过CC3000超低功耗Wi-Fi模块实现了传感器数据的无线传输。(2)设计了基于Wi-Fi技术的无线传感器节点软件系统,其中包括对底层硬件及其接口的驱动和应用程序的开发,实现对加速度和温度传感器数据的实时采集和发送,以及对Wi-Fi网络连接的建立等。(3)完成对传感器节点硬件和软件的设计之后,实现了对无线传感器网络系统的设计。首先传感器节点采集加速度和温度传感器数据,并发送给转发节点,远程主机通过以太网接收到传感器数据后,通过对这些数据的解析和处理,从而得到实时的加速度和温度值。最后,通过相关实验进行验证,证明了基于Wi-Fi技术的传感器节点工作正常、能够准确地采集传感器数据,并成功与TCP/IP服务器之间建立连接,完成数据传输。同时,通过对Wi-Fi网络性能测试和组网测试,进一步证明了低功耗Wi-Fi技术在无线传感器网络的领域中的可用性。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), as a new generation of sensor networks, is increasingly applied to military fields, modern agriculture, telemedicine, environmental monitoring and other fields. Therefore, for traditional wireless sensor nodes to realize efficient data transmission in ad hoc networks, it becomes a new challenge for wireless sensor nodes. Wi-Fi, as one of the most widely used short-range wireless communication technologies, has high transmission rate. It is widely used in wireless sensor networks due to its wide coverage, flexible networking and high system security. Moreover, the IP-based networking technology can be easily connected to the current enterprise and home Ethernet, which is easy for users to use. This paper first analyzes the architecture of wireless sensor networks and some commonly used wireless sensor network applications. Based on the analysis of IEEE 802.11 / Wi-Fi protocol structure, working mechanism, Wi-Fi network topology and some common networking methods, a wireless sensor network node design scheme based on Wi-Fi communication technology is proposed. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) according to the characteristics of wireless sensor network nodes, the hardware platform of wireless sensor network node system based on Wi-Fi wireless communication technology is designed and implemented. Among them, the ultra-low power microprocessor MSP430FR5739 of TI Company is used as the main controller to collect and process the data of acceleration sensor and temperature sensor. The wireless transmission of sensor data is realized by CC3000 ultra-low power Wi-Fi module. (2) the wireless sensor node software system based on Wi-Fi technology is designed, which includes the driver of the underlying hardware and its interface and the development of the application program. After completing the hardware and software design of sensor node, the design of wireless sensor network system is realized after the real-time acquisition and transmission of acceleration and temperature sensor data, and the establishment of Wi-Fi network connection. First, the sensor node collects the acceleration and temperature sensor data and sends them to the forwarding node. After the remote host receives the sensor data through Ethernet, it parses and processes these data. Thus the real-time acceleration and temperature values are obtained. Finally, the experimental results show that the sensor node based on Wi-Fi technology works normally, can collect sensor data accurately, and successfully establish a connection with TCP / IP server to complete data transmission. At the same time, the availability of low-power Wi-Fi technology in wireless sensor networks is proved by testing the performance of Wi-Fi networks and networking.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN92

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