逆向捕获时间差的Voronoi声源定位机制

发布时间：2018-06-18 22:16

本文选题：无线传感器网络 + 声源定位　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,无线传感器网络逐渐在国民经济的各个领域得到了越来越广泛的应用,为人们的生产生活提供了诸多便利。其中,声源定位是无线传感器网络的热点应用之一,其在现代军事和民用安防中具有十分重要的应用价值。由于无线传感器网络的能量受限性以及待定位声源的动态性,设计一种能量有效的、快速准确的声源定位协议和算法是关键。本文对这一问题进行研究,提出了一种能量有效的声源定位机制并用仿真实验和实际测试证明了该机制的有效性。本文研究的主要内容及主要创新之处在于：(1)本文研究了无线传感器网络在声源定位中的应用问题并提出了一种改进的声源精确定位协议和位置求解算法。本文提出一种逆向捕获时间差的声源定位协议,该协议可以使传感器网络在大部分时间里处于射频休眠状态,因此具有显著的节能效果；在利用时间差数据求解声源位置时,引入Voronoi图理论对搜索空间进行裁剪,以提高算法搜索求解的效率和成功率。在Matlab平台上的仿真实验结果证明,相比于传统TDOA方法,本文提出的逆向捕获时间差的Voronoi声源定位机制具有较好的综合性能。(2)本文设计了一个声源定位系统并将其部署在停车场以验证本文方法的性能。声源定位中的节点采用ATmega128L为主处理芯片并带有声音信号检测模块和射频收发模块。节点采用CSMA/CA通信协议将数据汇聚至基站,后者完成声源位置解算并控制停车场的监控云台有针对性的监测。实际应用测试表明,本文设计的声源定位机制可以快速有效完成声源定位,同时大幅度延长网络的生存时间。
[Abstract]:In recent years, wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been increasingly widely used in various fields of the national economy, providing a lot of convenience for people's production and life. Among them, acoustic source location is one of the hot applications in wireless sensor networks, and it has very important application value in modern military and civil security. Due to the energy limitation of wireless sensor networks and the dynamic nature of the sound sources to be located, it is crucial to design an energy-efficient, fast and accurate acoustic source localization protocol and algorithm. In this paper, an energy-efficient sound source localization mechanism is proposed, and the effectiveness of the mechanism is proved by simulation and practical tests. This paper studies the application of wireless sensor networks in sound source location and proposes an improved sound source location protocol and location algorithm. In this paper, a sound source location protocol with time difference in reverse capture is proposed. The protocol can make sensor networks sleep in RF state for most of the time, so it has remarkable energy saving effect, and when the time difference data is used to solve the sound source location, the proposed protocol can be used to solve the problem of acoustic source location. The theory of Voronoi diagram is introduced to cut the search space to improve the efficiency and success rate of the algorithm. The simulation results on Matlab platform show that, compared with the traditional TDOA method, The Voronoi sound source location mechanism proposed in this paper has good comprehensive performance. (2) this paper designs a sound source location system and deploys it in the parking lot to verify the performance of the proposed method. ATmega128L is used as the main processing chip in sound source location with sound signal detection module and RF transceiver module. The node uses CSMA / CA protocol to aggregate the data to the base station, the latter completes the calculation of the sound source position and controls the monitoring and monitoring of the parking lot. The practical application shows that the sound source location mechanism designed in this paper can quickly and effectively complete the sound source location, and at the same time prolong the survival time of the network by a large margin.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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