超宽带信号指纹定位算法的研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 09:19

本文选题：超宽带 + TOA　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：无线通信技术广泛应用于当今社会的生产生活中，对无线通信性能的要求也在不断提高，超宽带（Ultra Wideband，UWB)无线通信技术作为新型的无线通信技术，引起了人们的高度重视。UWB定位技术具有定位精度高、功耗低、穿透性强、信号隐蔽性好、对其他系统干扰较少等优点，成为无线定位技术中极具潜力的技术。本文首先介绍了UWB的基本概念和UWB定位的背景意义，并对UWB定位的相关知识和国内外研究现状做了一定描述。其次对无线定位的主要方法进行了研究，分析了各种方法的优缺点和应用场所，并对影响定位精度的几种因素进行研究说明，且提出了相应的解决办法。接着对UWB无线通信系统进行了细致的研究，并对UWB脉冲波形、调制技术、信道模型、接收等技术分别进行仿真，本文的UWB信号即采用高斯脉冲和PPM-TH-UWB的调制模式。无线通信环境中的NLOS、多径效应、信号衰落等问题将对信号的传播造成很大影响，为了减小环境对于定位精度的影响，需要找到一个可以很好适应NLOS环境和多径效应环境的无线定位算法。UWB信号指纹定位算法是利用UWB信号的指纹信息，测得复杂通信环境下的指纹数据作为离线数据库，通过神经网络算法训练离线数据，使得训练好的数据与实际环境匹配，，这样再进行定位时便可减小复杂环境对UWB信号的影响，提高定位精度。最后本文通过一系列的仿真将UWB信号指纹定位算法与LES定位算法进行对比，仿真结果表明UWB信号指纹定位算法具有较高精度，且算法稳定性好。
[Abstract]:Wireless communication technology is widely used in the production and life of today's society, and the requirement of wireless communication performance is also increasing. As a new type of wireless communication technology, ultra-wideband Ultra Wideband UWB (UWB) wireless communication technology is a new type of wireless communication technology. Because of the high accuracy, low power consumption, strong penetration, good signal concealment and less interference to other systems, UWB positioning technology has become a potential technology in wireless positioning technology. This paper first introduces the basic concepts of UWB and the background significance of UWB positioning, and describes the relevant knowledge of UWB positioning and the current research situation at home and abroad. Secondly, the main methods of wireless location are studied, the advantages and disadvantages of various methods and their application sites are analyzed, and several factors affecting the positioning accuracy are studied and explained, and the corresponding solutions are put forward. Then the UWB wireless communication system is studied in detail, and the UWB pulse waveform, modulation technology, channel model and reception technology are simulated respectively. The UWB signal in this paper adopts the modulation mode of Gao Si pulse and PPM-TH-UWB. The problems of NLOS, multipath effect and signal fading in wireless communication environment will have a great impact on the signal propagation, in order to reduce the impact of the environment on the positioning accuracy. We need to find a wireless location algorithm which can adapt well to NLOS environment and multipath effect environment. UWB fingerprint location algorithm is based on the fingerprint information of UWB signal, and the fingerprint data in complex communication environment can be used as off-line database. The neural network algorithm is used to train off-line data so that the trained data can match with the actual environment so that the influence of complex environment on UWB signal can be reduced and the positioning accuracy can be improved. Finally, the UWB fingerprint location algorithm is compared with les algorithm through a series of simulations. The simulation results show that the UWB fingerprint location algorithm has high accuracy and good stability.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN925

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