逆合成孔径雷达欺骗干扰研究及其软件实现

发布时间：2018-06-21 03:38

本文选题：逆合成孔径雷达 + 平动补偿　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为一种全天时、全天候的远距离信息获取手段,逆合成孔径雷达(Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar,简称ISAR)可以完成对海上目标、空中目标和空间目标等的高分辨率成像。并且,利用目标的高分辨率ISAR成像结果可以估计获得目标尺寸和形状等精确信息,实现对目标的分类与识别。因此,ISAR成像技术在军用和民用领域都有着重要的地位和作用。随着ISAR成像技术在各个领域的广泛应用以及各种新体制ISAR的出现,ISAR干扰技术也受到国内外的广泛重视,其发展趋势由非相干干扰到相干干扰、由固定干扰体制到可编程干扰体制、假目标特性的模拟从简单到复杂逼真、从单一干扰手段走向复合多样式智能干扰。ISAR干扰在现代信息战、电子战中仍将继续发挥它举足轻重的作用。因此,针对ISAR成像技术的电子对抗研究已经成为电子对抗和雷达信号处理领域的热点研究方向。论文重点研究了ISAR成像技术以及基于成像原理的欺骗干扰技术,并且在此基础上,基于Qt完成ISAR欺骗干扰处理软件的开发,实现对ISAR干扰处理及其成像效果评估等功能,具体内容安排如下:(1)结合国内外研究现状,主要介绍了ISAR成像及其干扰技术的发展历史,并论述了ISAR成像基本原理以及处理方法。首先,介绍了ISAR成像的基本原理和特有的转台模型。然后,分析了ISAR平动分量对成像的影响,介绍了ISAR平动补偿,包括包络对齐和初相校正的原理及方法。最后,利用单散射点的距离-多普勒(Range-Doppler,简称RD)算法仿真实验验证算法的有效性。(2)重点研究了ISAR欺骗干扰基本原理和方法,提出了一种基于目标电磁特性的欺骗干扰方法。首先,从欺骗干扰原理入手,利用单散射点分析ISAR欺骗干扰的基本原理,建立欺骗干扰几何模型。接着,在此基础上将单散射点扩展成多散射点的面目标进行欺骗干扰处理。最后,提出了一种基于目标电磁特性的欺骗干扰方法,该方法在获取目标的电磁散射特性数据库的基础上,利用假目标与雷达的相对位置与姿态信息将目标的瞬时电磁特性快速调制到干扰信号上,从而生成更加逼真的假目标,实现有效的欺骗干扰。最后,仿真数据结果验证了基于目标电磁特性的欺骗干扰方法的有效性。(3)基于目标电磁特性的欺骗干扰方法,利用Qt平台开发了一款ISAR欺骗干扰处理软件。首先,介绍了软件开发平台Qt的优势。其次,对该干扰软件的整体结构进行了分析,实现将软件整体模块化,并详细介绍了该软件的欺骗干扰模块和成像模块。最后,利用仿真数据对软件进行测试,验证了该干扰软件的稳定性。
[Abstract]:As an all-day, all-weather remote information acquisition method, inverse synthetic Aperture radar (ISAR) can complete high-resolution imaging of sea targets, air targets and space targets. Moreover, the target size and shape can be estimated by using the high resolution ISAR imaging results, and the target classification and recognition can be realized. Therefore, ISAR imaging technology plays an important role in both military and civil fields. With the wide application of ISAR imaging technology in various fields and the emergence of various new systems ISAR jamming technology has received extensive attention at home and abroad. Its development trend is from incoherent interference to coherent interference. From the fixed jamming system to the programmable jamming system, the simulation of false target characteristics from simple to complex, from a single jamming means to complex multi-type intelligent jamming. ISAR jamming in modern information warfare, Electronic warfare will continue to play its pivotal role. Therefore, the research of electronic countermeasure for ISAR imaging technology has become a hot research direction in the field of electronic countermeasure and radar signal processing. This paper focuses on the research of ISAR imaging technology and deceptive jamming technology based on imaging principle. On this basis, the software of ISAR deception jamming processing is developed based on QT, and the functions of ISAR jamming processing and imaging effect evaluation are realized. This paper mainly introduces the development history of ISAR imaging and its jamming technology, and discusses the basic principle and processing methods of ISAR imaging. Firstly, the basic principle of ISAR imaging and the special turntable model are introduced. Then, the effect of ISAR translation component on imaging is analyzed, and the principle and method of ISAR translation compensation, including envelope alignment and initial phase correction, are introduced. Finally, the Range-Doppler-based Range-Doppler (RD) algorithm with single scattering point is used to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. (2) the basic principle and method of ISAR deception jamming are studied, and a deceptive jamming method based on the electromagnetic characteristics of the target is proposed. Firstly, based on the principle of deception jamming, the geometric model of deception jamming is established by using single scattering point to analyze the basic principle of ISAR deception jamming. Then, the single scattering point is extended to the surface target with multiple scattering points to deal with deceptive interference. Finally, a deceptive jamming method based on the electromagnetic characteristics of the target is proposed. The method is based on obtaining the database of the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the target. Using the relative position and attitude information of the false target and radar, the instantaneous electromagnetic characteristics of the target are quickly modulated to the jamming signal, thus a more realistic false target is generated and an effective deception jamming is realized. Finally, the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the deceptive jamming method based on the electromagnetic characteristics of the target. (3) the deceptive jamming method based on the electromagnetic characteristics of the target is used to develop an ISAR spoofing jamming processing software based on QT platform. Firstly, the advantages of software development platform QT are introduced. Secondly, the whole structure of the jamming software is analyzed, the whole software is modularized, and the spoofing jamming module and imaging module of the software are introduced in detail. Finally, the stability of the jamming software is verified by using the simulation data.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN974

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