移动终端系统中天线的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-06-25 18:45

本文选题：移动终端天线 + 卫星终端天线　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着移动通信技术的飞速发展,对于应用于移动通信系统中的天线的要求也越来越高。如今的移动通信设备的发展趋势趋向于小型化,超薄化,多功能化,这不仅增加了天线周围电磁环境的复杂性,而且还要求天线能覆盖更多的频段。所以目前在移动终端天线的设计中更多的强调了天线多频化,多极化特性和天线的小型化特性。在本文中,针对移动终端系统领域中不同用途的天线的多频化,多极化,小型化,以及多天线系统中天线的性能和隔离度等进行了讨论和研究:1、设计了一款双频双极化的北斗一代卫星导航天线,用两层介质板重叠的方式实现了天线的双频双极化,上下两层介质板用的都是最常见的FR4基板,介电常数为4.4,厚度都为1mm,此北斗一代天线在发射频段(1611-1621MHz)和接收频段(2487-2497MHz)内的S参数满足要求,发射天线采用了左旋圆极化的极化方式,接收天线采用了右旋圆极化的极化方式,满足“北斗一代”卫星天线的极化要求。通过测试结果可以看出天线的仿真结果和实测结果吻合良好,天线具有良好的远场辐射特性,而且两天线的隔离度良好,耦合较小。2、设计了一款结构紧凑简单、低剖面的微带超宽带(UWB)天线。通过把频率选择表面(FSS)结构加载到微带超宽带天线的矩形口径缝隙中的方法,使得超宽带天线在3.15-3.85GHz,5.4-6GHz和7.8-9.3GHz这三个频段产生了带阻特性,有效的抑制了超宽带频段和全球微波接入频段(WiMAX),无线局域网络(WLAN)和卫星通讯中的X频段之间产生的电磁干扰。天线的整体尺寸为330′35′1.5mm。通过测试结果可以看出天线的仿真结果和测试结果吻合良好,天线在非陷波频段具有良好的远场辐射特性和效率,适合用于移动通信系统。3、设计一款应用于3G/4G通信的无线局域网外置天线,该天线可以覆盖700-960MHz和1710-2700MHz的3G/4G频段,采用结构比较紧凑简单,易于加工的平面单极子天线(Monopole Antenna)。通过实测特性可以看出该外置天线的仿真特性和实测特性吻合良好,同时具有良好的远场辐射特性。4、设计一个包含多个天线的对讲机,此对讲机的外置天线是根据之前提出的用于3G/4G通信的无线局域网外置天线进行改进的,同时设计了对讲机天线系统中的内置主天线,GPS天线和Wi-Fi天线。其中外置天线可以覆盖380-400MHz,400-470MHz,1447-1467MHz,1785-1805MHz,2300-2400MHz等五个频段;内置主天线可以覆盖791-960MHz,1447-1467MHz,1710-2170MHz三个频段;内置GPS天线可以覆盖1572-1578MHz频段,Wi-Fi天线可以覆盖2400-2500MHz的WLAN频段。通过测试结果可以看出天线的仿真结果和测试结果吻合良好,具有良好的远程辐射特性,而且多天线系统中各天线的耦合较小,满足对隔离度的要求。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the requirement of antenna used in mobile communication system is becoming higher and higher. Nowadays, the development trend of mobile communication equipment tends to be miniaturization, thinning and multifunction, which not only increases the complexity of the electromagnetic environment around the antenna, but also requires the antenna to cover more frequency bands. So in the design of mobile terminal antenna, more emphasis is placed on antenna multi-frequency, multi-polarization and antenna miniaturization. In this paper, aiming at the multi-frequency, multi-polarization and miniaturization of antennas for different applications in the field of mobile terminal systems, The performance and isolation of the antenna in the multi-antenna system are discussed and studied. A dual-frequency dual-polarization Beidou satellite navigation antenna is designed. The dual-frequency dual-polarization antenna is realized by overlapping the two layers of dielectric plates. The upper and lower layers of the dielectric plate are the most common FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1 mm. The S parameters of the Beidou generation antenna in the transmitting band (1611-1621MHz) and the receiving band (2487-2497MHz) meet the requirements. The receiving antenna adopts the polarization mode of right-handed circular polarization, which meets the polarization requirements of the Beidou generation satellite antenna. It can be seen from the test results that the antenna simulation results are in good agreement with the measured results. The antenna has good far-field radiation characteristics, and the isolation of the two antennas is good, the coupling is small. 2. A compact and simple structure is designed. Low profile microstrip ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna. By loading the frequency selective surface (FSS) structure into the rectangular aperture slot of the microstrip UWB antenna, the bandstop characteristics of the UWB antenna are obtained in the frequency bands of 3.15-3.85 GHz 5.4-6 GHz and 7.8-9.3 GHz. The electromagnetic interference between UWB band and global microwave access band (WiMAX), wireless local area network (WLAN) and X band in satellite communication is effectively suppressed. The overall size of the antenna is 330g / 35m and 1.5mm. It can be seen from the test results that the antenna simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. The antenna has good far-field radiation characteristics and efficiency in the non-notch frequency band. Suitable for mobile communication system .3. design a wireless LAN external antenna for 3G / 4G communication. The antenna can cover 700-960MHz and 1710-2700MHz 3G / 4G band. It adopts a compact and simple planar monopole Antenna). It can be seen that the simulation characteristics of the external antenna are in good agreement with the measured characteristics. At the same time, the external antenna has good far-field radiation characteristics .4. a walkie-talkie with multiple antennas is designed. The external antenna of the walkie-talkie is improved according to the wireless LAN external antenna proposed previously for 3G / 4G communication. At the same time, the built-in main antenna GPS antenna and Wi-Fi antenna in the interphone antenna system are designed. The external antenna can cover five frequency bands, such as 380-400MHz, 400-470MHz, 1447-1467MHz, 1785-1805MHz, 2300-2400MHz, etc., the built-in main antenna can cover three bands, 791-960MHzn1447-1467MHz, 1710-2170 MHz, and the built-in GPS antenna can cover 1572-1578MHz band WLAN band, 2400-2500MHz WLAN band. It can be seen from the test results that the antenna simulation results are in good agreement with the test results, and have good long-range radiation characteristics, and the coupling of the antennas in the multi-antenna system is small, which meets the requirements of isolation.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN828.6

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