GPS与BD双模GNSS接收机定位解算技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 12:46

本文选题：双模GNSS + 定位解算　；参考：《厦门大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：GNSS,即全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System)现已广泛应用于通信、测绘、军工等领域,而且其应用范围仍在不断扩大。出于国防及民用发展考虑,我国自主研究建设了北斗卫星导航系统,继美、俄后也拥有了独自的卫星导航系统。北斗系统的独立运行能力在军事上保证了国家的安全稳定,在民用上也将促进一批产业的发展。为了推广民用领域的应用,保证导航服务的连续性及精确性,与世界上其他卫星导航系统的协作定位尤为重要。藉由我国2012年底对外正式公布了北斗系统接口控制文件(Interface Control Document)这一契机,本文研究了GPS/BD双模情况下接收机定位解算技术的实现。针对双模定位解算过程中的技术进行了算法上的研究与改进,并应用于GPS/BD双模基带芯片定位解算软件部分的设计实现。论文的主要工作包括以下几个方面： (1)本文分析了北斗二代导航系统与GPS的异同,包括空间星座、信号波段、时间系统及空间坐标系。首先研究了北斗单模系统定位方法,并实现了北斗单模接收机定位解算各软件子模块,特别注意区分了北斗星座不同轨道的卫星。接着,针对GPS/BD双模系统组合定位的难点与其相应处理办法进行研究,讨论了双模联合定位的基本原理和实现方法,包括双模系统时空统一方法。 (2)本文在具体的双模定位解算技术研究中,分别探讨了双模卫星选星算法、双模一致性检测方法以及双模卡尔曼滤波定位。提出了一种适用于多卫星星座情况下的卫星选星算法,算法基于最优几何分布,能在保证性能前提下减少计算量；针对城市峡谷等强多径环境,研究了有别于传统“自顶向下”方法的“自底向上”卫星一致性检测方法,仿真表明方法在强多径环境下性能更为稳定；论文还对双模卡尔曼串行更新及其新息检测进行了研究与实现,使双模定位结果更加平滑连续。 (3)本文在搭建了接收机硬件平台的基础上,整合了GPS/BD双模接收机基带芯片定位解算部分的软件框架,将GPS与BD相应软件子模块进行了统一处理和实现。双模接收机路测运行正常,并对定位能力及定位性能进行了测试。
[Abstract]:GNSS, the global navigation satellite system (Global Navigation Satellite System), is now widely used in communications, mapping, military industry and other fields, and its application range is still expanding. For national defense and civil development, our own research and construction of the Beidou satellite navigation system, after the United States, Russia has also own a satellite navigation system. The independent operational capability of the Beidou system ensures the security and stability of the country and will promote the development of a number of industries in civilian use. In order to promote the application of the civil field, ensure the continuity and accuracy of navigation services, it is particularly important to cooperate with other satellite navigation systems in the world. By the end of 2012, our country is formal. This paper has published the opportunity of Interface Control Document of the Beidou system. This paper studies the realization of the positioning solution of the receiver in the case of the double mode GPS/BD. The research and improvement of the algorithm in the process of the double mode positioning calculation are carried out and applied to the software part of the positioning solution of the GPS /BD dual mode baseband chip. The main work of the paper includes the following aspects:
(1) this paper analyzes the similarities and differences between the two generation of Beidou navigation system and GPS, including space constellation, signal band, time system and space coordinate system. First, the positioning method of the Beidou single mode system is studied, and the software sub modules of the Beidou single mode receiver are realized, and the satellite of the different orbit of the Beidou constellation is distinguished. The difficulty of the combined positioning of the GPS/BD dual mode system and its corresponding treatment methods are studied. The basic principle and realization method of the dual mode joint positioning are discussed, including the space-time unified method of the dual mode system.
(2) in this paper, we discuss the two mode satellite selection algorithm, the dual mode consistency detection method and the dual mode Calman filter positioning respectively in the dual mode positioning algorithm, and propose a satellite selection algorithm suitable for multi satellite constellations. The algorithm is based on the optimal geometric distribution, and can reduce the amount of calculation under the guarantee of performance. In the strong multipath environment such as urban canyons, the method of "bottom-up" satellite consistency detection different from the traditional "top-down" method is studied. The simulation shows that the method is more stable in the strong multi-path environment. The paper also studies and implements the double mode Calman serial update and its new interest detection, and makes the double mode positioning junction to make a double mode location junction. The fruit is more smooth and continuous.
(3) on the basis of the set up of the hardware platform of the receiver, this paper integrates the software framework of the GPS/BD dual mode receiver base band chip location calculation part, and carries out the unified processing and Realization of the GPS and the BD corresponding software sub modules. The dual mode receiver runs normally, and tests the positioning power and positioning performance.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN965.5

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