表面肌电信号采集与处理器设计

发布时间：2018-07-03 11:07

本文选题：膈肌肌电 + 信号采集　；参考：《华南理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：表面肌电是神经系统电活动在皮肤表面处的综合叠加表现,蕴含着肌肉、神经的功能状态信息。随着现代科学技术的迅速发展,人们对肌电信号有了更深入、更准确的认识,肌电信号被广泛应用于基础医学研究、康复工程、临床诊断等众多领域。膈肌是人体最主要的呼吸肌,其肌电信号在一定程度上能反映呼吸系统的功能状态,在临床医学领域上的呼吸疾病诊断、呼吸功能监控与评价等发挥着重要的作用。本论文将根据肌电信号的特点,设计一个基于表面电极的膈肌肌电采集系统。由于肌电信号本身是一种微弱的电信号,在采集时极易受到其他干扰信号的影响,因此设计一个高抗干扰能力的电路是本次设计最先考虑的问题。本文采用LF347运算放大器构成前置差分放大电路与右腿驱动电路,有效地抑制共模干扰。同时设计了高通滤波器、低通滤波器和50Hz的工频陷波器,滤除信号中的高、低频噪声和工频噪声。对采集电路输出的信号进行A/D转换,运用数学形态法对信号进行滤波处理,滤除心电干扰。最后在时域和频域上分别计算出膈肌的肌电强度与中值频率,将处理的结果应用到实际临床中,包括呼吸机风机的触发控制与膈肌的疲劳诊断。
[Abstract]:Surface electromyography (EMG) is a comprehensive superposition of nervous system electrical activity on the skin surface, which contains the functional state information of muscle and nerve. With the rapid development of modern science and technology, people have a deeper and more accurate understanding of EMG signals. EMG signals are widely used in basic medicine research, rehabilitation engineering, clinical diagnosis and many other fields. Diaphragm is the most important respiratory muscle in human body. Its electromyography can reflect the functional state of respiratory system to a certain extent. It plays an important role in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases and the monitoring and evaluation of respiratory function in the field of clinical medicine. In this paper, a diaphragm electromyography acquisition system based on surface electrode is designed according to the characteristics of EMG signal. Because EMG is a kind of weak electrical signal, it is easy to be affected by other interference signals when it is collected. Therefore, designing a circuit with high anti-interference ability is the first problem to be considered in this design. In this paper, LF347 operational amplifier is used to construct predifferential amplifier and right leg drive circuit, which can effectively suppress common-mode interference. At the same time, high pass filter, low pass filter and 50 Hz power frequency notch filter are designed to filter the high, low frequency and power frequency noise in the signal. The output signal of the acquisition circuit is converted by A / D, and the signal is filtered and processed by mathematical morphological method to filter out the ECG interference. Finally, the myoelectric intensity and median frequency of diaphragm were calculated in time domain and frequency domain respectively, and the results were applied to clinical practice, including trigger control of ventilator fan and fatigue diagnosis of diaphragm.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R741.044;TN911.7

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