MIMO雷达GMTI工作模式设计与分析

发布时间：2018-07-07 08:50

本文选题：地面运动目标指示 + 多发多收雷达　；参考：《国防科学技术大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：地面运动目标指示(Ground Moving Target Indication,GMTI)现在广泛地应用于军事和民用领域。MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output,MIMO)雷达提供了一种新的雷达信号处理体制,在提高分辨率、干扰抑制等方面有巨大潜力。充分开发这些潜力,能够显著改善参数估计、目标检测、目标跟踪和识别方面的性能。在运动目标检测中应用MIMO技术的优势明显:由于综合运用多天线、多波形、多频率和多通道等技术,利用较少的天线阵元可以形成更丰富的等效相位中心,系统自由度更多,因此可以提高雷达的角度估计精度和目标检测性能,杂波抑制能力更强,系统抗干扰能力也得以提高。如何充分利用MIMO雷达的优势设计有效的MIMO雷达GMTI工作模式成为研究的热点。本文围绕MIMO雷达GMTI的工作模式的设计、性能分析和仿真验证展开研究,主要内容如下:第一章绪论,阐述MIMO雷达GMTI研究的背景和意义,概述MIMO雷达和GMTI的国内外研究现状,最后介绍本论文的研究内容。第二章推导空时自适应处理(Space-Time Adaptive Processing,STAP)的基本原理,建立STAP数据模型,计算最优的STAP滤波器的权系数,这是空时频自适应处理(Space-Time-Frequency Adaptive Processing,STFAP)、性能分析和信号级仿真的基础。第三章设计MIMO雷达GMTI的多子带和多维波形编码的工作模式。根据MIMO雷达的收发方式设计不同的多子带工作模式,不同的工作模式在天线功率、测绘带宽和等效相位中心方面各不相同。利用多子带还可以有效缓解盲速。根据数字波束形成(Digital Beam Forming,DBF)技术和多维波形编码的基本原理,设计两种基于多维波形编码的GMTI工作模式,利用脉内扫描增加慢时间波束驻留时间,从而可以增加相干处理脉冲数,还可以形成更多的等效相位中心和更灵活有效的基线,提高GMTI的杂波抑制性能。第四章推导STFAP的原理,提出MIMO雷达GMTI的性能分析方法,然后仿真分析各种工作模式的性能,得到改善因子、输出信杂噪比和检测概率等性能曲线。第五章建立GMTI的仿真信号模型,并利用该模型对基于多子带的所有子阵同时发射同时接收的工作模式和基于多维波形编码的脉内快时间方位编码模式进行仿真分析,得到的运动目标的检测结果有效验证了工作模式设计的合理性。第六章对本文的工作进行总结,并结合目前的研究和工程实际应用的需求展望了下一步的工作。
[Abstract]:Ground moving Target indication (GMTI) is widely used in military and civilian fields. MIMO (multiple input multiple output MIMO) radar provides a new radar signal processing system, which has great potential in improving resolution and interference suppression. Fully exploiting these potentials can significantly improve the performance of parameter estimation, target detection, target tracking and recognition. The advantages of MIMO technology in moving target detection are obvious: because of the comprehensive use of multi-antenna, multi-waveform, multi-frequency and multi-channel techniques, using fewer antenna array elements can form richer equivalent phase center, and the system has more freedom. Therefore, the angle estimation accuracy and target detection performance of radar can be improved, the clutter suppression ability is stronger, and the anti-jamming ability of the system can be improved. How to make full use of the advantages of MIMO radar to design effective GMTI mode of MIMO radar has become a hot research topic. This paper focuses on the design, performance analysis and simulation verification of MIMO radar GMTI. The main contents are as follows: the first chapter introduces the background and significance of MIMO radar GMTI research, and summarizes the research status of MIMO radar and GMTI at home and abroad. Finally, the research content of this paper is introduced. In chapter 2, the basic principle of Space-Time Adaptive processing (STAP) is derived, and the data model of STAP is established, and the weight coefficient of the optimal STAP filter is calculated. This is the basis of space-time-frequency Adaptive processing (STFAP), performance analysis and signal level simulation. In chapter 3, the multi-subband and multi-dimensional waveform coding mode of MIMO radar GMTI is designed. According to the MIMO radar transceiver mode, different multi-subband operation modes are designed. The antenna power, mapping bandwidth and equivalent phase center are different in different operation modes. The use of polybands can also effectively alleviate the blind speed. Based on the digital beam forming (DBF) technology and the basic principle of multidimensional waveform coding, two GMTI modes based on multi-dimension waveform coding are designed. The number of coherent processing pulses can be increased by increasing the dwell time of slow time beam by in-pulse scanning. More equivalent phase centers and more flexible and effective baselines can be formed, and the clutter suppression performance of GMTI can be improved. In chapter 4, the principle of STFAP is deduced, and the performance analysis method of MIMO radar GMTI is proposed. Then, the performance curves of various operating modes are simulated and analyzed, such as the improvement factor, the output signal-to-noise ratio and the detection probability. In the fifth chapter, the simulation signal model of GMTI is established, and the working mode of simultaneous transmitting and receiving of all sub-arrays based on multi-subband and the fast time-azimuth coding mode of pulse based on multi-dimension waveform coding are simulated and analyzed by using the model. The result of moving target detection verifies the rationality of working mode design. The sixth chapter summarizes the work of this paper and looks forward to the next step according to the needs of current research and engineering application.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN958

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