硅基微纳波导中的非线性光学效应及应用
发布时间：2018-07-24 12:07
【摘要】：近年来，硅光子学成为当今世界上一个热门的前沿学科。由于硅基微纳波导具有高的克尔系数和拉曼增益系数及强的限光能力，硅波导中的非线性光学效应引起了人们巨大的研究兴趣。在本论文中我们研究了硅波导中的四波混频效应(FWM)，交叉相位调制效应(XPM)和拉曼散射效应及它们的应用。主要研究内容和创新成果如下： 1、在综合考虑线性损耗、色散、拉曼散射效应、克尔效应、双光子吸收效应、自由载流子吸收效应和自由载流子色散效应的基础上，从麦克斯韦方程组出发推导了超短脉冲在硅波导中的非线性传输方程。 2、研究了通信波段SOI波导中基于FWM效应的飞秒脉冲泵浦的波长转换。发现当脉宽小于100fs时发生泵浦、信号和闲频间光谱重叠而难以实现有效波长转换。研究了脉冲重复频率对波长转换效率的影响，发现当脉冲重复频率较高时，由于自由载流子吸收变大而使转换效率降低。 3、研究了SOI波导色散对基于FWM效应的飞秒脉冲泵浦的参量放大的影响。通过改变脊形SOI波导的结构尺寸，可实现宽带的准相位匹配，并得到光滑的时域脉冲且FWM输出频谱可分离。 4、提出了一种宽度可调的SOI波导结构来实现基于FWM的频率非简并相位敏感参量放大。通过改变宽度可调SOI波导的第二段波导的宽度和长度，可以调节进入相位敏感放大器前的相对相位，从而影响参量放大过程的增益。 5、提出了一种在硅隔膜波导中利用FWM产生太赫兹波的新方法。发现当泵浦波长在正常色散区时才能实现相位匹配。理论验证了在硅波导中基于FWM的太赫兹波产生技术可以实现大于1%的转换效率。 6、在SOS波导中，研究了中红外波段三光子吸收对交叉相位调制的影响。发现在泵浦光强足够高时，三光子吸收引起的非线性损耗将相当大。在交叉相位调制过程中，，三光子吸收和三光子吸收引起的自由载流子吸收影响了信号的时域形状和频谱特性，且抑制了交叉相位调制引起的频移。 7、在SOS波导中，理论研究了中红外波段的拉曼放大和反斯托克斯拉曼波长转换。在输入斯托克斯光和泵浦光功率之比较大时，参量增益抑制效应发生，即当线性相位失配趋于零时，斯托克斯增益和转换效率下降较快。由于参量增益抑制效应的影响，在线性相位失配为零时的转化效率比峰值转换效率低了28dB。 8、在SOS波导中，研究了当泵浦和斯托克斯波垂直偏振时基于CARS的波长转换中的相位匹配技术。发现双折射引起的相位失配加上材料色散引起的相位失配可以抵消波导色散引起的大的相位失配。与同偏振的相位匹配相比，正交偏振的相位匹配可以在横截尺寸更小的SOS波导中实现。 9、实验研究了基于SOI波导的波长转换。分析了入射泵浦光功率对转换效率的影响，并讨论了不同宽度和不同长度的SOI波导对转换效率的影响。
[Abstract]:In recent years, silicon photonics has become a hot subject in the world. Because of its high Kerr coefficient, Raman gain coefficient and strong limiting ability, the nonlinear optical effect in silicon waveguide has aroused great interest. In this thesis we study the (FWM), cross phase modulation effect (XPM) and Raman scattering effects in silicon waveguides and their applications. The main contents and innovations are as follows: 1. On the basis of considering the linear loss, dispersion, Raman scattering effect, Kerr effect, two-photon absorption effect, free carrier absorption effect and free carrier dispersion effect. The nonlinear propagation equations of ultrashort pulses in silicon waveguides are derived from Maxwell's equations. 2. Wavelength conversion of femtosecond pulse pumping in SOI waveguides based on FWM effect is studied. It is found that when the pulse width is less than 100fs, the spectral overlap between the signal and the idler frequency makes it difficult to achieve effective wavelength conversion. The influence of pulse repetition rate on wavelength conversion efficiency is studied. It is found that when pulse repetition rate is high, The conversion efficiency is reduced due to the increase of free carrier absorption. 3. The effect of dispersion of SOI waveguide on parametric amplification pumped by femtosecond pulse based on FWM effect is studied. By changing the structure size of ridged SOI waveguide, the quasi-phase matching of wideband can be realized. A smooth time-domain pulse is obtained and the FWM output spectrum can be separated. 4. A SOI waveguide structure with adjustable width is proposed to realize the frequency non-degenerate phase-sensitive parametric amplification based on FWM. By changing the width and length of the second section of the SOI waveguide, the relative phase before entering the phase-sensitive amplifier can be adjusted. Thus, the gain of parametric amplification is affected. 5. A new method to generate terahertz wave by using FWM in silica-diaphragm waveguide is proposed. It is found that phase matching can only be realized when the pump wavelength is in the normal dispersion region. It is theoretically verified that the THz wave generation technology based on FWM in silicon waveguide can achieve conversion efficiency of more than 1%. 6. In SOS waveguide, the effect of three-photon absorption in mid-infrared band on cross-phase modulation is studied. It is found that when the pump intensity is high enough, the nonlinear loss caused by three-photon absorption will be quite large. In the process of cross-phase modulation, the free carrier absorption caused by three-photon absorption and three-photon absorption affects the time-domain shape and spectral characteristics of the signal, and suppresses the frequency shift caused by cross-phase modulation. 7, in SOS waveguide, Raman amplification and anti-Stokes Raman wavelength conversion in mid-infrared band are studied theoretically. The parametric gain suppression effect occurs when the input Stokes light is larger than the pump power, that is, when the linear phase mismatch tends to 00:00, the Stokes gain and conversion efficiency decrease rapidly. Due to the effect of parametric gain suppression, the conversion efficiency of 00:00 with linear phase mismatch is 28 dB 路8 lower than that of peak conversion, and in SOS waveguide, The phase matching technique of wavelength conversion based on CARS is studied when pumping and Stokes wave are vertically polarized. It is found that the phase mismatch caused by birefringence and material dispersion can counteract the large phase mismatch caused by waveguide dispersion. Compared with the phase matching of the same polarization, the phase matching of orthogonal polarization can be realized in SOS waveguides with smaller cross-section size. 9. Wavelength conversion based on SOI waveguides is experimentally studied. The influence of incident pump power on conversion efficiency is analyzed, and the influence of different width and length of SOI waveguide on conversion efficiency is discussed.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院（西安光学精密机械研究所）
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN814
本文编号：2141330
[Abstract]:In recent years, silicon photonics has become a hot subject in the world. Because of its high Kerr coefficient, Raman gain coefficient and strong limiting ability, the nonlinear optical effect in silicon waveguide has aroused great interest. In this thesis we study the (FWM), cross phase modulation effect (XPM) and Raman scattering effects in silicon waveguides and their applications. The main contents and innovations are as follows: 1. On the basis of considering the linear loss, dispersion, Raman scattering effect, Kerr effect, two-photon absorption effect, free carrier absorption effect and free carrier dispersion effect. The nonlinear propagation equations of ultrashort pulses in silicon waveguides are derived from Maxwell's equations. 2. Wavelength conversion of femtosecond pulse pumping in SOI waveguides based on FWM effect is studied. It is found that when the pulse width is less than 100fs, the spectral overlap between the signal and the idler frequency makes it difficult to achieve effective wavelength conversion. The influence of pulse repetition rate on wavelength conversion efficiency is studied. It is found that when pulse repetition rate is high, The conversion efficiency is reduced due to the increase of free carrier absorption. 3. The effect of dispersion of SOI waveguide on parametric amplification pumped by femtosecond pulse based on FWM effect is studied. By changing the structure size of ridged SOI waveguide, the quasi-phase matching of wideband can be realized. A smooth time-domain pulse is obtained and the FWM output spectrum can be separated. 4. A SOI waveguide structure with adjustable width is proposed to realize the frequency non-degenerate phase-sensitive parametric amplification based on FWM. By changing the width and length of the second section of the SOI waveguide, the relative phase before entering the phase-sensitive amplifier can be adjusted. Thus, the gain of parametric amplification is affected. 5. A new method to generate terahertz wave by using FWM in silica-diaphragm waveguide is proposed. It is found that phase matching can only be realized when the pump wavelength is in the normal dispersion region. It is theoretically verified that the THz wave generation technology based on FWM in silicon waveguide can achieve conversion efficiency of more than 1%. 6. In SOS waveguide, the effect of three-photon absorption in mid-infrared band on cross-phase modulation is studied. It is found that when the pump intensity is high enough, the nonlinear loss caused by three-photon absorption will be quite large. In the process of cross-phase modulation, the free carrier absorption caused by three-photon absorption and three-photon absorption affects the time-domain shape and spectral characteristics of the signal, and suppresses the frequency shift caused by cross-phase modulation. 7, in SOS waveguide, Raman amplification and anti-Stokes Raman wavelength conversion in mid-infrared band are studied theoretically. The parametric gain suppression effect occurs when the input Stokes light is larger than the pump power, that is, when the linear phase mismatch tends to 00:00, the Stokes gain and conversion efficiency decrease rapidly. Due to the effect of parametric gain suppression, the conversion efficiency of 00:00 with linear phase mismatch is 28 dB 路8 lower than that of peak conversion, and in SOS waveguide, The phase matching technique of wavelength conversion based on CARS is studied when pumping and Stokes wave are vertically polarized. It is found that the phase mismatch caused by birefringence and material dispersion can counteract the large phase mismatch caused by waveguide dispersion. Compared with the phase matching of the same polarization, the phase matching of orthogonal polarization can be realized in SOS waveguides with smaller cross-section size. 9. Wavelength conversion based on SOI waveguides is experimentally studied. The influence of incident pump power on conversion efficiency is analyzed, and the influence of different width and length of SOI waveguide on conversion efficiency is discussed.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院（西安光学精密机械研究所）
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN814
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3 王启明;支撑光网络发展的光子集成器件研发与趋势[J];深圳大学学报;2004年03期
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