云雾混合计算改进远洋渔船物联网系统通讯质量

发布时间：2018-07-24 15:10

【摘要】：远洋渔船上不断增加的船载智能设备和传感器增大了对网络通讯带宽和流量的要求,目前船岸间通讯的高昂费用和带宽限制成为整个系统的瓶颈。该文在远洋渔船作业系统中引入云雾混合计算架构。研究以云计算为基本架构,采用面向服务的构架,提供可靠和安全的数据存储中心,降低了对用户端的设备要求,利于不同设备间的数据与应用共享;同时,利用船载设备的计算和存储能力,采用雾计算架构的设备固件更新分发机制获取最少必要固件资源后在船载网络内部进行推送和更新,并利用船载传感网络雾计算模型在船载网络内部存储和压缩传感器环境数据,以降低船岸之间的数据通讯量。研究证明,云雾混合计算架构在保证船岸数据信息交互一体化的同时明显降低了对数据通讯带宽的要求,减少了网络流量。在测试期内,开富号各计算节点及传感设备固件更新文件数据量降低为传统架构的15.13%,传感器发往云端的报文数据量降低为传统架构的4.75%。参考卫星宽带流量套餐费用计算(1 MB费用约为10美元,2014年标准),在该时间段内,仅"开富号"一条船舶约节约7 500美元,每年能节约通讯费36 000美元,具有一定的经济效益。研究实践证明云雾混合计算有利于改善远洋渔船物联网系统通讯质量。
[Abstract]:The increasing intelligent equipments and sensors on board ocean-going vessels increase the requirement of network communication bandwidth and flow. At present, the high cost and bandwidth limitation of inter-ship communication become the bottleneck of the whole system. In this paper, a hybrid computing framework of cloud and fog is introduced into the ocean fishing vessel operating system. The research takes cloud computing as the basic structure, adopts the service-oriented framework, provides the reliable and secure data storage center, reduces the device requirement to the user, facilitates the data and the application sharing among different devices, at the same time, Using the computing and storage capacity of shipborne equipment, the device firmware update and distribution mechanism based on fog computing architecture is used to obtain the minimum necessary firmware resources and then push and update within the shipborne network. Using the fog calculation model of shipborne sensor network, the sensor environment data is stored and compressed in the shipborne network, so as to reduce the data communication between the ship and shore. It is proved that the cloud and fog hybrid computing architecture can not only guarantee the integration of ship-shore data and information, but also reduce the requirement of data communication bandwidth and reduce the network flow. During the test period, the data volume of firmware update file of each computing node and sensor device of Kaifu number is reduced to 15.13 of traditional architecture, and the amount of message sent from sensor to cloud is reduced to 4.75 of traditional architecture. With reference to the cost of satellite broadband flow package (1 MB cost is about $10, 2014 standard), only one ship called "Kaifu" can save about $7,500 in this time period, and $36,000 per year in communication, which has certain economic benefits. The research results show that the cloud and fog hybrid calculation is beneficial to improve the communication quality of the ocean fishing vessel's Internet of things system.
【作者单位】：同济大学机械工程学院;上海海洋大学工程学院;
【基金】：上海市科委创新行动计划项目(12231203902)
【分类号】：TP391.44;TN929.5

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