船舶雷达微带天线阵的设计与实现
发布时间：2018-07-25 07:35
【摘要】：海上航运在国民经济生产中占据着十分重要的地位。然而,在海上航运中船舶碰撞事件屡屡发生,带来了生命与财产的巨大损失。为有效避免船舶碰撞,各种船舶越来越依赖船用雷达。天线作为雷达的重要组成部分,直接影响着船用雷达的性能。因此,研究船用雷达天线具有重要的意义。南京彩芯电子科技有限公司委托大连海事大学进行船用雷达天线的研制,论文作者参与了该课题,论文正是在总结课题研究成果的基础上形成的。 传统船用雷达天线有抛物面型和波导裂缝型。抛物面型天线尺寸庞大而笨重,而波导裂缝天线成本相对较高。微带结构的雷达天线成本低,体积小,应用前景广阔。 作者根据微带天线和天线阵列理论,设计了两款微带结构的雷达天线。主要工作如下： (1)根据船用雷达技术指标,设计了一款24单元X波段水平极化的微带结构天线阵。单元天线馈电形式为侧馈,阵列采用并馈方式,天线方向性图采用切比雪夫多项式,实现了方向性图窄波束和低旁瓣电平的要求。 (2)考虑到天线的抗雨雾干扰等能力,本文还设计了一款20单元的圆极化雷达天线阵。单元天线通过角馈产生圆极化波,而阵列采用串馈方式,最终实现了窄波束和低旁瓣的圆极化波雷达天线。 (3)在天线两侧加上开放式扇形金属喇叭,通过仿真优化金属喇叭的大小和角度,减小了天线阵的垂直波瓣宽度,同时提高了天线的增益。 两款天线的实物采用雕刻机加工,最后在暗室中对两款天线进行了测试,测试结果与预期设计指标基本吻合,因此所设计的两款天线均可以应用在船用雷达系统中。
[Abstract]:Maritime navigation occupies a very important position in the national economy production. However, ship collision often occurs in maritime navigation, which brings great loss of life and property. In order to avoid ship collision effectively, all kinds of ships rely more and more on ship radar. As an important part of radar, antenna directly affects the performance of marine radar. Therefore, the study of marine radar antenna is of great significance. Nanjing Caixin Electronic Science and Technology Co., Ltd. has commissioned Dalian Maritime University to develop the marine radar antenna. The author of this paper participated in the subject, which was formed on the basis of summarizing the research results of the subject. The traditional marine radar antenna has paraboloid and waveguide crack. The parabolic antenna is large and bulky, while the waveguide slot antenna cost is relatively high. The microstrip structure radar antenna has the advantages of low cost, small size and wide application prospect. Based on the theory of microstrip antenna and antenna array, two kinds of radar antenna with microstrip structure are designed. The main work is as follows: (1) according to the technical specifications of marine radar, a 24-unit X-band horizontal polarization antenna array with microstrip structure is designed. The antenna feed is side-fed, the array is parallel fed, and the antenna pattern is Chebyshev polynomial, which meets the requirements of narrow beam and low sidelobe level. (2) considering the ability of antenna to resist rain and fog interference, A 20-unit circular polarization radar antenna array is also designed in this paper. The cell antenna generates circular polarized wave through angular feed, and the array adopts series-fed mode. Finally, the circular polarized wave radar antenna with narrow beam and low sidelobe is realized. (3) an open sector metal horn is added to both sides of the antenna. The vertical lobe width of antenna array is reduced and the antenna gain is improved by optimizing the size and angle of metal horn. The two antennas are machined by engraving machine. Finally, the two antennas are tested in the darkroom. The test results are in good agreement with the expected design index, so the two antennas designed can be used in the marine radar system.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.2
本文编号：2143095
[Abstract]:Maritime navigation occupies a very important position in the national economy production. However, ship collision often occurs in maritime navigation, which brings great loss of life and property. In order to avoid ship collision effectively, all kinds of ships rely more and more on ship radar. As an important part of radar, antenna directly affects the performance of marine radar. Therefore, the study of marine radar antenna is of great significance. Nanjing Caixin Electronic Science and Technology Co., Ltd. has commissioned Dalian Maritime University to develop the marine radar antenna. The author of this paper participated in the subject, which was formed on the basis of summarizing the research results of the subject. The traditional marine radar antenna has paraboloid and waveguide crack. The parabolic antenna is large and bulky, while the waveguide slot antenna cost is relatively high. The microstrip structure radar antenna has the advantages of low cost, small size and wide application prospect. Based on the theory of microstrip antenna and antenna array, two kinds of radar antenna with microstrip structure are designed. The main work is as follows: (1) according to the technical specifications of marine radar, a 24-unit X-band horizontal polarization antenna array with microstrip structure is designed. The antenna feed is side-fed, the array is parallel fed, and the antenna pattern is Chebyshev polynomial, which meets the requirements of narrow beam and low sidelobe level. (2) considering the ability of antenna to resist rain and fog interference, A 20-unit circular polarization radar antenna array is also designed in this paper. The cell antenna generates circular polarized wave through angular feed, and the array adopts series-fed mode. Finally, the circular polarized wave radar antenna with narrow beam and low sidelobe is realized. (3) an open sector metal horn is added to both sides of the antenna. The vertical lobe width of antenna array is reduced and the antenna gain is improved by optimizing the size and angle of metal horn. The two antennas are machined by engraving machine. Finally, the two antennas are tested in the darkroom. The test results are in good agreement with the expected design index, so the two antennas designed can be used in the marine radar system.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.2
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