基于FPGA的WCDMA实时信号处理设计

发布时间：2018-07-26 10:12

【摘要】：现代无线通信技术对实时信号处理越来越重视,并且对其要求也日益增高。近十多年来,超大规模数字集成电路(Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit,VLSI)技术发展非常迅猛,所能提供的集成能力和其复杂程度也越来越高,这有效地促进了数字集成电路在通信系统中实时信号处理领域的应用。目前FPGA制造商针对不同需求,如高效信号处理运算、高速传输以及控制灵活性等,提供了大量高性能FPGA芯片。然而,FPGA开发是很复杂且很有技巧性的,本文基于宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access,WCDMA)通信平台,对高效地利用大规模数字集成电路实现高速实时信号处理进行了研究,主要取得的成果为:1.对FPGA芯片的总体设计与实现进行了研究。针对实时信号处理系统的特点,提出了其在FPGA上实现的整体开发流程。并且以WCDMA物理层信道处理为例,分别对上行链路的随机接入信道处理和下行链路的监听进行了FPGA的总体设计与实现,并总结了FPGA总体设计过程中用到的技巧和方法。2.对FPGA芯片的模块化设计与实现进行了研究。基于FPGA模块化设计方法,对WCDMA物理层上、下行信道处理的两个模块:前缀码检测模块及码片同步模块,进行了模块设计与实现,并总结了模块化设计过程中的常用技巧和方法。3.对FPGA在实时信号处理系统中的规范设计方法进行了研究。基于实时信号处理的特点以及科研实践积累,归纳了在信号处理系统中FPGA开发的基本原则、常用技巧,以及利用集成工具PlanAhead对设计添加区域约束的方法。4.对FPGA开发平台的系统行为测试开发了一种通用的测试方法。采用FPGA开发平台与上位机通过千兆以太网互连通信的方式,将FPGA内部信号线上的数据信息经过网线传送到上位机,再由上位机对所上传的数据进行测试分析。5.对FPGA设计中的自检测试进行了研究,给出一种简单可行的测试方法。在FPGA系统设计时加入自检测试需要的测试向量生成模块,以保证在没有外界输入情况下,芯片内部可以提供符合要求的输入数据,对芯片内部的逻辑功能进行测试观察。
[Abstract]:Modern wireless communication technology pays more and more attention to real-time signal processing. In the last decade or so, the technology of VLSI (VLSI) has developed very rapidly, and the integration capability and its complexity have become more and more high. This effectively promotes the application of digital integrated circuits in the field of real-time signal processing in communication systems. At present, FPGA manufacturers provide a large number of high-performance FPGA chips for different needs, such as efficient signal processing, high-speed transmission and control flexibility. However, the development of FPGA is very complicated and skillful. Based on the wideband code division multiple access (Wideband Code Division Multiple) access WCDMA) communication platform, this paper studies the efficient use of large scale digital integrated circuits to realize high speed real-time signal processing. The main achievement is: 1. The overall design and implementation of FPGA chip are studied. According to the characteristics of the real-time signal processing system, the overall development flow of the system on FPGA is put forward. Taking the physical layer channel processing of WCDMA as an example, the overall design and implementation of FPGA for random access channel processing of uplink and downlink monitoring are carried out, and the techniques and methods used in the overall design of FPGA are summarized. The modularization design and implementation of FPGA chip are studied. Based on the modular design method of FPGA, this paper designs and implements two modules of WCDMA physical layer: prefix code detection module and chip synchronization module, and summarizes the common skills and methods of modularization design. The standard design method of FPGA in real-time signal processing system is studied. Based on the characteristics of real-time signal processing and the accumulation of scientific research practice, this paper summarizes the basic principles of FPGA development in signal processing system, common techniques, and the method of adding region constraints to the design by using the integration tool PlanAhead. A general testing method for system behavior testing of FPGA development platform is developed. The data information on the FPGA internal signal line is transmitted to the host computer by the FPGA development platform and the host computer through Gigabit Ethernet, and the data uploaded by the upper computer is tested and analyzed by the upper computer. The self-test in FPGA design is studied, and a simple and feasible test method is given. In the design of FPGA system, the test vector generation module needed by self-test is added to ensure that the input data can be provided in the chip without external input, and the logic function inside the chip can be tested and observed.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.53;TN791

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