基于STM32F4的时栅位移传感器信号处理系统集成化设计与实现
发布时间：2018-07-27 16:24
【摘要】：时栅位移传感器采用“用时间测量空间”的“时空坐标转换”的测量理论，，不需要精密机械刻线就能实现精密位移测量，因而越来越多的应用在数控机床和其他精密位移测量领域，逐渐从理论实验阶段向市场化、商业化发展。但是由于时栅信号处理系统采用模块化的结构设计，驱动电源、信号采集与处理、数据处理与误差补偿等各部分分别由不同的处理器芯片来完成，随着时栅传感器的广泛应用，其不足之处日益显现：一是各模块使用不同芯片，使得生产成本偏高、程序下载繁琐；二是需要设计不同种类电源为各芯片进行供电，电源设计复杂；三是分离式的设计使得处理系统体积偏大，不利用集成化应用。 基于以上信号处理系统的不足，提出一种基于单片微控制器的时栅位移传感器集成化信号处理系统，将时栅信号的激励信号发生、感应信号处理与采集、数据处理与误差补偿集中在一片芯片中完成，提高信号处理的集成化、简化生产工艺、降低生产成本。 通过对时栅传感器信号处理系统性能要求以及市场上各种微控制处理能力的综合分析，本设计选用ST公司推出的基于Cortex-M4内核的STM32F4VGT微控制器作为主控芯片，采用数字频率直接合成（DDS）技术进行激励源的设计，利用芯片“输入捕获”功能来完成感应信号的采集，由芯片集成的FPU和DSP指令集进行数据处理和算法实现，采用多测头法进行测量误差分离，并采用傅氏级数谐波修正技术实现误差修正，实现了单芯片处理的时栅传感器信号处理系统的设计。
[Abstract]:The time-grating displacement sensor adopts the "space-time coordinate transformation" measurement theory of "measuring space with time", and can realize precise displacement measurement without the need of precise mechanical cutting. Therefore, more and more applications in the field of numerical control machine tools and other precision displacement measurement, gradually from the stage of theory and experiment to marketization, commercial development. However, due to the modular structure design, driving power supply, signal acquisition and processing, data processing and error compensation, each part of the time-grid signal processing system is completed by different processor chips. With the wide application of the time-grid sensor, The disadvantages of this method are as follows: first, each module uses different chips, which makes the production cost higher and the program download tedious; second, different kinds of power supply are needed to supply power for each chip, and the power source design is complex; Third, the separate design makes the processing system larger, and does not use integrated application. Based on the deficiency of the above signal processing system, an integrated signal processing system of time grating displacement sensor based on single chip microcontroller is proposed. The excitation signal of the time grid signal is generated, the induction signal is processed and collected. Data processing and error compensation are concentrated in one chip to improve the integration of signal processing, simplify the production process and reduce the production cost. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the performance requirements of time-gate sensor signal processing system and the various micro-control processing capabilities in the market, the STM32F4VGT microcontroller based on Cortex-M4 kernel developed by St Company is selected as the main control chip in this design. The digital frequency direct synthesis (DDS) technology is used to design the excitation source, and the chip "input capture" function is used to complete the acquisition of the induction signal. The chip integrated FPU and DSP instruction sets are used to process the data and realize the algorithm. The multi-probe method is used to separate the measurement error, and the Fourier series harmonic correction technique is used to realize the error correction. The signal processing system of the single-chip time-grid sensor is designed.
【学位授予单位】：重庆理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN911.7;TP212
[Abstract]:The time-grating displacement sensor adopts the "space-time coordinate transformation" measurement theory of "measuring space with time", and can realize precise displacement measurement without the need of precise mechanical cutting. Therefore, more and more applications in the field of numerical control machine tools and other precision displacement measurement, gradually from the stage of theory and experiment to marketization, commercial development. However, due to the modular structure design, driving power supply, signal acquisition and processing, data processing and error compensation, each part of the time-grid signal processing system is completed by different processor chips. With the wide application of the time-grid sensor, The disadvantages of this method are as follows: first, each module uses different chips, which makes the production cost higher and the program download tedious; second, different kinds of power supply are needed to supply power for each chip, and the power source design is complex; Third, the separate design makes the processing system larger, and does not use integrated application. Based on the deficiency of the above signal processing system, an integrated signal processing system of time grating displacement sensor based on single chip microcontroller is proposed. The excitation signal of the time grid signal is generated, the induction signal is processed and collected. Data processing and error compensation are concentrated in one chip to improve the integration of signal processing, simplify the production process and reduce the production cost. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the performance requirements of time-gate sensor signal processing system and the various micro-control processing capabilities in the market, the STM32F4VGT microcontroller based on Cortex-M4 kernel developed by St Company is selected as the main control chip in this design. The digital frequency direct synthesis (DDS) technology is used to design the excitation source, and the chip "input capture" function is used to complete the acquisition of the induction signal. The chip integrated FPU and DSP instruction sets are used to process the data and realize the algorithm. The multi-probe method is used to separate the measurement error, and the Fourier series harmonic correction technique is used to realize the error correction. The signal processing system of the single-chip time-grid sensor is designed.
【学位授予单位】：重庆理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN911.7;TP212
【参考文献】
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