基于低能耗高效无线传感器网络路由协议研究
发布时间：2018-07-29 10:03
【摘要】：传感器、计算机网络、嵌入式系统、无线通信是已经发展的比较成熟的技术,无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSN)是在它们的基础上发展而来的新型网络,该网络能够实时地感知、采集和监测用户感兴趣区域内的信息,对信息进行加工处理后发送给终端用户。应用前景很大。WSN中传感器节点通常由电池供电,一旦电量耗尽节点就会死亡,将会改变网络拓扑结构,缩短网络寿命,严重影响网络服务质量。因而如何增大网络的寿命是研究WSN的核心。针对WSN能量利用率低和通信质量不高等问题,本课题提出了一种高效低能耗的WSN路由协议。研究过程中的主要内容如下:(1)考虑到由于各节点的初始能量、通信和计算能力通常不一样,且节点扮演的角色不同,耗能不一样,因此本课题在簇头选举阶段综合考虑节点的剩余能量、节点的密度、节点的传包成功率等因素。(2)在簇内通信方案上提出了混合路由通信方案。不管是单跳方案还是多跳方案都有不足之处,在单跳方案中,离汇聚节点较远的簇首会消耗较多的能量,在多跳方案中,离汇聚节点较近的节点会消耗较多的能量。基于此,本课题充分利用了单跳和多跳各自的优势,提出了一种混合路由通信方案。(3)簇间通信在链头选取上本课题考虑了四个方面:链头自身能量值、链数据传输代价、链头传包成功率以及链头与基站的距离。(4)提出了丢包策略。由于WSN通常受到噪声、衰减、反射等干扰;且网络通信资源较少,节点密集的地方分组较多,必然导致资源的激烈争夺,进而导致信道堵塞,降低了数据的传输速度,不能确保数据可靠及时的传输。因此,本课题提出当检测到拥塞发生时,启动丢包策略:根据数据包剩余价值的大小来决定丢包的先后顺序,丢弃价值最小的分组,使有限带宽得到充分的利用,最大限度地确保重要数据可靠及时的传输。最后,通过仿真表明:本课题提出的协议能有效均衡各节点能耗,提高数据包的传输成功率,从而达到提高通信质量,增大网络寿命的目的。
[Abstract]:Sensor, computer network, embedded system and wireless communication are relatively mature technologies that have been developed. Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor) is a new type of network based on them, which can be sensed in real time. Collect and monitor the information in the user's area of interest, process the information and send it to the end user. The sensor nodes in WSN are usually powered by batteries. Once the nodes run out of electricity, they will die, which will change the network topology, shorten the network life, and seriously affect the quality of service (QoS) of the network. Therefore, how to increase the lifetime of the network is the core of the study of WSN. In order to solve the problems of low energy utilization and low communication quality of WSN, a WSN routing protocol with high efficiency and low energy consumption is proposed in this paper. The main contents of the research are as follows: (1) considering that due to the initial energy of each node, the communication and computing power are usually different, and the role of nodes is different, the energy consumption is different. Therefore, in the cluster head election stage, we consider the residual energy of the node, the density of the node, the success rate of transmission of the node and so on. (2) A hybrid routing communication scheme is proposed in the intra-cluster communication scheme. In the single-hop scheme and the multi-hop scheme, the cluster head far away from the convergent node will consume more energy, and in the multi-hop scheme, the node closer to the convergent node will consume more energy. Based on this, this paper makes full use of the advantages of single-hop and multi-hop, and proposes a hybrid routing communication scheme. (3) in the selection of chain-head, four aspects are considered: the energy of chain-head itself, the cost of chain-data transmission. The success rate of chain head transmission and the distance between the chain head and the base station. (4) A packet loss strategy is proposed. Because WSN is usually disturbed by noise, attenuation, reflection and so on, and the network communication resources are less, and there are more local packets in dense nodes, it will inevitably lead to fierce competition for resources, which will lead to channel blockage and reduce the transmission speed of data. There is no guarantee of reliable and timely transmission of data. Therefore, when the congestion is detected, this paper proposes to start the packet loss strategy: according to the size of the residual value of the packet to determine the order of packet loss, discard the least value of the packet, so that the limited bandwidth can be fully utilized. Ensure reliable and timely transmission of important data to the maximum extent possible. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed protocol can effectively balance the energy consumption of each node, improve the success rate of data packet transmission, and achieve the purpose of improving the communication quality and network lifetime.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN915.04
本文编号：2152328
[Abstract]:Sensor, computer network, embedded system and wireless communication are relatively mature technologies that have been developed. Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor) is a new type of network based on them, which can be sensed in real time. Collect and monitor the information in the user's area of interest, process the information and send it to the end user. The sensor nodes in WSN are usually powered by batteries. Once the nodes run out of electricity, they will die, which will change the network topology, shorten the network life, and seriously affect the quality of service (QoS) of the network. Therefore, how to increase the lifetime of the network is the core of the study of WSN. In order to solve the problems of low energy utilization and low communication quality of WSN, a WSN routing protocol with high efficiency and low energy consumption is proposed in this paper. The main contents of the research are as follows: (1) considering that due to the initial energy of each node, the communication and computing power are usually different, and the role of nodes is different, the energy consumption is different. Therefore, in the cluster head election stage, we consider the residual energy of the node, the density of the node, the success rate of transmission of the node and so on. (2) A hybrid routing communication scheme is proposed in the intra-cluster communication scheme. In the single-hop scheme and the multi-hop scheme, the cluster head far away from the convergent node will consume more energy, and in the multi-hop scheme, the node closer to the convergent node will consume more energy. Based on this, this paper makes full use of the advantages of single-hop and multi-hop, and proposes a hybrid routing communication scheme. (3) in the selection of chain-head, four aspects are considered: the energy of chain-head itself, the cost of chain-data transmission. The success rate of chain head transmission and the distance between the chain head and the base station. (4) A packet loss strategy is proposed. Because WSN is usually disturbed by noise, attenuation, reflection and so on, and the network communication resources are less, and there are more local packets in dense nodes, it will inevitably lead to fierce competition for resources, which will lead to channel blockage and reduce the transmission speed of data. There is no guarantee of reliable and timely transmission of data. Therefore, when the congestion is detected, this paper proposes to start the packet loss strategy: according to the size of the residual value of the packet to determine the order of packet loss, discard the least value of the packet, so that the limited bandwidth can be fully utilized. Ensure reliable and timely transmission of important data to the maximum extent possible. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed protocol can effectively balance the energy consumption of each node, improve the success rate of data packet transmission, and achieve the purpose of improving the communication quality and network lifetime.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN915.04
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 罗昌俊;陈希;周明天;;无线传感器网络技术研究[J];测控技术;2006年07期
2 李成法;陈贵海;叶懋;吴杰;;一种基于非均匀分簇的无线传感器网络路由协议[J];计算机学报;2007年01期
，本文编号：2152328
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