超声相控阵收发电路设计与关键技术研究
发布时间：2018-08-03 16:39
【摘要】：随着现代工业的迅速发展，各类设备、材料日趋复杂，所要面对的工作环境等也发生了变化，对无损检测提出了许多新的要求。超声相控阵以其独有的特点和优势开始担负起更多地检测任务，逐渐在无损检测领域占据重要地位，成为了研究的热点，这是无损检测发展的一种必然趋势。 本文完成了超声相控阵设备的硬件设计，解决了高频收发电路设计中的关键问题，提高了相控阵延时控制的精度，所完成的原理样机在检测实验中取得了成功。研究内容主要包括以下几个方面： 学习了声学、超声探伤和相控阵技术的原理知识，研究了超声收发电路设计方式、高速电路设计原则和微弱信号提取方法，确定了以上位计算机、数字控制电路和收发电路三部分组成的研制方案。 研究了高速数字逻辑电路设计方法，设计并完成了基于单片低成本FPGA的高精度相控阵控制电路。根据所使用FPGA的自身特性，提出了基于锁相环技术的延时控制电路设计方法。该方法在兼顾集成度的同时，利用50MHz的时钟输入，实现了1ns的延时精度。为实现系统的智能化、高效化，还设计了以NIOS II处理器为核心的嵌入式处理系统，使设备工作参数可被实时重配置。 设计完成了16路相控阵收发电路，克服了高压、高频信号所带来的不利影响，实现了对mv级缺陷回波信号的提取。经过多次反复选型、实验和改进，确定了以ISL55110为驱动的超声发射电路，解决了发射电路对高频、高压的需求。二极管桥路被引入到限幅电路中，解决了高频大信号的限幅问题，，又保证微弱信号得到良好保存。同时，为了与数字控制电路相适应，收发电路部分的线延时通过布局、线补偿、接口线设计和屏蔽等方式被控制到最小，使高精度延时控制得以实现。 完成了具有高精度延时控制能力的16路超声相控阵原理样机，在实际检测实验中成功检测出缺陷，表现良好。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern industry, all kinds of equipments and materials are becoming more and more complex, and the working environment has also changed. Therefore, many new requirements have been put forward for NDT. With its unique characteristics and advantages, ultrasonic phased array has begun to take on more testing tasks, and gradually occupies an important position in the field of nondestructive testing. It has become a hot spot of research, which is an inevitable trend in the development of nondestructive testing (NDT). In this paper, the hardware design of ultrasonic phased array equipment is completed, the key problems in the design of high frequency transceiver circuit are solved, and the precision of phased array delay control is improved. The principle prototype has been successfully tested and tested. The main contents of this paper are as follows: we have studied the principles of acoustics, ultrasonic flaw detection and phased array technology, studied the design method of ultrasonic transceiver circuit, the design principle of high-speed circuit and the method of weak signal extraction. The development scheme of the above three parts of computer, digital control circuit and transceiver circuit is determined. The design method of high speed digital logic circuit is studied, and the high precision phased array control circuit based on single chip and low cost FPGA is designed and completed. According to the characteristics of FPGA used, the design method of delay control circuit based on PLL technology is proposed. In this method, the delay precision of 1ns is realized by using the clock input of 50MHz while the integration level is taken into account. In order to realize the intelligentization and high efficiency of the system, an embedded processing system based on NIOS II processor is designed, so that the working parameters of the equipment can be reconfigured in real time. A 16-channel phased array transceiver circuit is designed to overcome the adverse effects of high voltage and high frequency signals and to extract the echo signals of MV level defects. After repeated selection, experiment and improvement, the ultrasonic emission circuit driven by ISL55110 is determined, and the demand for high frequency and high voltage is solved. The diode bridge is introduced into the limiting circuit, which solves the limiting problem of high frequency large signal and ensures that the weak signal is well preserved. At the same time, in order to adapt to the digital control circuit, the line delay of the transceiver circuit is controlled to the minimum by layout, line compensation, interface line design and shielding, so that the high-precision delay control can be realized. A 16-channel ultrasonic phased array prototype with high precision delay control capability is completed. The defect is successfully detected in the actual testing experiment and the performance is good.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN859
本文编号：2162346
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern industry, all kinds of equipments and materials are becoming more and more complex, and the working environment has also changed. Therefore, many new requirements have been put forward for NDT. With its unique characteristics and advantages, ultrasonic phased array has begun to take on more testing tasks, and gradually occupies an important position in the field of nondestructive testing. It has become a hot spot of research, which is an inevitable trend in the development of nondestructive testing (NDT). In this paper, the hardware design of ultrasonic phased array equipment is completed, the key problems in the design of high frequency transceiver circuit are solved, and the precision of phased array delay control is improved. The principle prototype has been successfully tested and tested. The main contents of this paper are as follows: we have studied the principles of acoustics, ultrasonic flaw detection and phased array technology, studied the design method of ultrasonic transceiver circuit, the design principle of high-speed circuit and the method of weak signal extraction. The development scheme of the above three parts of computer, digital control circuit and transceiver circuit is determined. The design method of high speed digital logic circuit is studied, and the high precision phased array control circuit based on single chip and low cost FPGA is designed and completed. According to the characteristics of FPGA used, the design method of delay control circuit based on PLL technology is proposed. In this method, the delay precision of 1ns is realized by using the clock input of 50MHz while the integration level is taken into account. In order to realize the intelligentization and high efficiency of the system, an embedded processing system based on NIOS II processor is designed, so that the working parameters of the equipment can be reconfigured in real time. A 16-channel phased array transceiver circuit is designed to overcome the adverse effects of high voltage and high frequency signals and to extract the echo signals of MV level defects. After repeated selection, experiment and improvement, the ultrasonic emission circuit driven by ISL55110 is determined, and the demand for high frequency and high voltage is solved. The diode bridge is introduced into the limiting circuit, which solves the limiting problem of high frequency large signal and ensures that the weak signal is well preserved. At the same time, in order to adapt to the digital control circuit, the line delay of the transceiver circuit is controlled to the minimum by layout, line compensation, interface line design and shielding, so that the high-precision delay control can be realized. A 16-channel ultrasonic phased array prototype with high precision delay control capability is completed. The defect is successfully detected in the actual testing experiment and the performance is good.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN859
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前7条
1 赵霞;王召巴;;超声相控阵声束时空控制仿真研究[J];科技情报开发与经济;2006年06期
2 于治楼;姜凯;李峰;;基于FPGA的SOC验证平台的设计[J];信息技术与信息化;2008年05期
3 周育宇,袁孝梅;相控阵全自动超声检测在西气东输工程中的应用[J];石油机械;2004年08期
4 李衍;;超声相控阵技术 第一部分 基本概念[J];无损探伤;2007年04期
5 王瑞;李伯全;骆英;王伟;;基于FPGA的超声相控阵系统接收装置设计[J];仪表技术与传感器;2010年07期
6 龙云玲;刘艳;秦鑫;李振新;;医用小型B超仪发射电路设计[J];中国医疗设备;2011年06期
7 王永兵;侯静;李志国;;超声相控阵检测技术研究进展[J];中国化工装备;2012年06期
本文编号：2162346
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/wltx/2162346.html
