基于Zigbee与数据融合技术的矿井环境监测系统

发布时间：2018-08-06 19:36

【摘要】：针对目前煤矿环境监测系统的现状，提出了一种基于Zigbee与多传感器数据融合技术的井下环境监测系统。Zigbee技术用于构建井下无线传感网络，实现井下多个环境参数的数据采集与无线传输。采用多传感器数据融合技术对采集的数据进行融合处理，有效提高系统监测的可靠性，，为矿井环境提供更科学的评估。文章主要包括以下内容：首先，简单介绍Zigbee技术，提出基于Zigbee技术的矿井环境监测系统的总体方案设计。整个系统由基于无线传感网络的数据采集传输系统和井上监控平台组成。井上监控平台对整个系统进行监控，并对井下数据采集传输系统采集的数据进行集中存储、融合处理并给出环境安全等级评估。井下数据采集传输系统最主要的部分为Zigbee无线传感网络。无线传感网络采集环境参数通过无线传感网络传输至Zigbee协调器后通过有线方式将井下各区域数据传输到井上监控系统。其次，根据系统总体方案中对Zigbee无线传感网络的组网要求，设计了基于CC2530的通用网络节点的硬件模块。该网络节点可作为Zigbee协调器、路由器及终端设备。网络节点采用模块化设计，包括CC2530主电路设计、底板设计和传感器模块设计。底板电路提供系统电源和各种外接端口，传感器模块通过底板与主电路连接。整个节点实现了煤矿瓦斯、CO、风速、温度、粉尘浓度等参数的数据采集和无线传输。再次，根据本系统的数据融合需求，提出了基于模糊贴近度和灰色关联度的两级数据融合模型。一级数据融合采用模糊贴近度算法，得到矿井中各环境参数的准确融合值，提取环境参数特征向量。二级数据融合利用灰色关联度算法对一级数据的融合结果再次进行融合，准确地判定矿井的安全状况，给出煤矿安全等级决策。最后，对系统的软件部分进行设计并进行简单的系统调试。首先介绍监控平台的软件设计，然后给出各个网络节点的软件设计。在网络节点的软件设计中，介绍了系统的组网过程并给出Zigbee协调器、路由器和终端节点软件设计流程图。在实验室现有条件下对温度参数采集、系统组网和数据传输、以及数据传输距离进行了简单测试。
[Abstract]:According to the present situation of coal mine environment monitoring system, a underground environment monitoring system based on Zigbee and multi-sensor data fusion technology. Zigbee technology is used to construct underground wireless sensor network. The data acquisition and wireless transmission of many environmental parameters are realized. Multi-sensor data fusion technology is used to fuse the collected data, which can effectively improve the reliability of system monitoring and provide a more scientific evaluation for mine environment. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the Zigbee technology is briefly introduced, and the overall scheme of mine environment monitoring system based on Zigbee technology is put forward. The whole system is composed of wireless sensor network based data acquisition and transmission system and well-in-well monitoring platform. The whole system is monitored by the well monitoring platform, and the data collected by the downhole data acquisition and transmission system is stored centrally, and the environmental safety grade is evaluated. The main part of downhole data acquisition and transmission system is Zigbee wireless sensor network. The environmental parameters of wireless sensor network are transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator through the wireless sensor network, and then the data of the downhole regions are transmitted to the well monitoring system by wired way. Secondly, according to the network requirements of Zigbee wireless sensor network in the overall scheme of the system, the hardware module of the general network node based on CC2530 is designed. The network node can act as Zigbee coordinator, router and terminal equipment. The network node adopts modularization design, including CC2530 main circuit design, bottom board design and sensor module design. The backboard circuit provides the system power supply and various external ports, and the sensor module is connected to the main circuit through the backboard. The whole node realizes data acquisition and wireless transmission of coal mine gas CO, wind speed, temperature, dust concentration and other parameters. Thirdly, according to the data fusion requirements of the system, a two-level data fusion model based on fuzzy closeness degree and grey correlation degree is proposed. In the first level data fusion, the fuzzy closeness algorithm is used to obtain the accurate fusion value of each environmental parameter in the mine, and to extract the characteristic vector of the environmental parameter. The second level data fusion uses the grey correlation degree algorithm to fuse the fusion result of the first grade data again, determines the mine safety condition accurately, and gives the coal mine safety grade decision. Finally, the software part of the system is designed and debugged. First, the software design of monitoring platform is introduced, and then the software design of each network node is given. In the software design of network nodes, the network process of the system is introduced, and the flow chart of software design of Zigbee coordinator, router and terminal node is given. The temperature parameter collection, system networking and data transmission, and data transmission distance are simply tested under the existing conditions in the laboratory.
【学位授予单位】：烟台大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TD67;TN92

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