毫米波低剖面圆极化天线的研究

发布时间：2018-08-20 12:39

【摘要】：根据毫米波检测项目,研究了毫米波圆极化天线。根据项目的具体需求,设计了三款毫米波低剖面圆极化天线：Ka波段波导圆极化天线、W波段波导圆极化天线和Ka波段微带圆极化天线。工作于Ka波段和W波段的两款波导圆极化天线在实现圆极化性能的基础上,较大程度地降低了天线的剖面高度；工作于Ka波段的微带圆极化天线本身具有极低的剖面高度,实现了较好的圆极化性能且具有较宽的频带宽度。首先,开篇介绍了天线基础知识及其常用电参数,阐述了圆极化波的几个重要特点,总结了天线实现圆极化的常见方法。其次,设计了一款Ka波段波导圆极化天线。根据圆波导中TE11模存在的极化简并现象,在圆波导中增加一对凸台结构使TE11模的两个场分量沿两个正交的方向分离并产生90。的相位差。此设计不仅使天线实现圆极化,更降低了天线的剖面高度,方便于工程中应用。天线实测结果性能良好,与仿真结果吻合。再次,设计了一款W波段波导圆极化天线。在Ka波段波导圆极化天线的基础上,引入合适长度的匹配结构,有效地减小高次模对工作状态的影响,完成了W波段波导圆极化天线的设计。天线实测结果与仿真数据一致性较好,天线不仅圆极化性能良好,全频带内回拨损耗也较小,很好地满足工程应用需要。最后,研究宽带微带圆极化天线,分析了微带天线实现圆极化辐射和展宽其频带宽度的方法,提出了一款工作于Ka波段的宽频微带圆极化天线的设计方法,并通过组成阵列的方式使微带天线实现特殊辐射方向图一一锥状方向图。
[Abstract]:According to the millimeter wave detection project, the millimeter wave circular polarization antenna is studied. According to the specific requirements of the project, three millimeter-wave low profile circular polarization antennas: Ka-band circular polarization antenna, W-band circular polarization antenna and Ka-band microstrip circular polarization antenna are designed. The two waveguide circularly polarized antennas operating in Ka band and W band can greatly reduce the height of the antenna profile on the basis of realizing the circular polarization performance, and the microstrip circular polarization antenna operating in Ka band has extremely low profile height, and the microstrip circular polarization antenna operating in the Ka band has a very low profile height, and the microstrip circular polarization antenna operating in the Ka band has very low profile height. Better circular polarization performance and wider bandwidth are achieved. Firstly, the basic knowledge of antenna and its constant electrical parameters are introduced, several important characteristics of circular polarization wave are expounded, and the common methods of realizing circular polarization are summarized. Secondly, a Ka band waveguide circularly polarized antenna is designed. According to the polarization degeneracy of TE11 modes in circular waveguides, a pair of convex structures are added to the circular waveguides to separate the two field components of the TE11 modes in two orthogonal directions and produce 90. The phase difference of. This design not only makes the antenna realize circular polarization, but also reduces the height of the antenna profile. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results. Thirdly, a W band waveguide circularly polarized antenna is designed. Based on the Ka-band waveguide circularly polarized antenna, a matching structure of appropriate length is introduced, which can effectively reduce the influence of high order mode on the working state, and the design of W-band waveguide circularly polarized antenna is completed. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation data. The antenna not only has a good circular polarization performance, but also has a small callback loss in the whole frequency band, so it can meet the needs of engineering applications. Finally, the broadband microstrip circularly polarized antenna is studied, the method of realizing circular polarization radiation and broadening its bandwidth are analyzed, and a design method of wide-band microstrip circular polarization antenna working in Ka band is proposed. A special radiation pattern, a conical pattern, is realized by forming an array of microstrip antennas.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN821.1

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