LTE资源调度算法研究及仿真平台资源调度模块搭建
发布时间：2018-08-27 11:01
【摘要】：随着移动互联网的兴起,用户对无线通信中服务速率和服务质量(Quality of Service, QoS)的需求迅速膨胀,现有的第二代以及第三代移动蜂窝网络已经很难满足这种需求。为应对这些不断增长的需求,第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project,3GPP)引入了长期演进计划(Long Term Evolution, LTE)并作为第四代移动蜂窝网标准。LTE系统的多址传输方式采用了正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM)技术,在有效降低干扰的同时提升了系统的总体传输速率。 LTE系统将信道划分为一系列正交的子载波,在上行传输中引入了单载波-频分多址接入(Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiplexing Access,SC-FDMA),时频资源的分配受到了更多的限制,资源调度问题变得更加复杂。另外,由于系统中无法提供上行分组的时延上报,现有的文献很少在调度算法中考虑上行分组时延特性,无法很好的保证用户QoS需求。 本文综合考虑了LTE上行传输的特点,研究LTE上行资源调度算法,在保证用户QoS需求的同时,旨在提高系统的实际吞吐量。此外,为验证现有LTE资源调度算法的性能,本文搭建了LTE系统级仿真平台的资源调度模块,完成调度算法的仿真工作。本文的主要工作总结如下： 首先,研究3GPP相关协议,阐述了LTE多址传输技术以及调度机制,总结了LTE物理层多址传输的特点以及资源调度中存在的问题。同时,本文调研了现有的LTE资源调度研究成果,对不同算法进行归纳和分类,总结相关机制的设计思路,比较了不同算法的性能优劣。 其次,考虑到LTE上行传输中的分组时延无法直接获取,本文提出了一种充分利用缓存状态报告(Buffer Status Report, BSR)到达时刻信息的分组时延估计算法,从而使保证用户时延成为可能。同时,本文考虑系统中加入中继后的中继选择策略,优化了系统的整体信道条件。基于SC-FDMA所引入的载波分配限制,本文重点描述了一种基于协作的子载波分配算法。动态分配子载波的过程中全局考虑了所有用户的信道与缓存状态,从而保证了系统的吞吐量和时延性能,进而保证用户的QoS需求。 此外,本文遵照3GPP技术规范,搭建了基于网络仿真器3(Network Simulator3, NS-3)的LTE系统级仿真平台的资源调度模块,设计实现了相关的调度信令和配置信令,模拟出整个LTE网络的资源调度流程。利用C++的多态特性,构造了多个抽象类,声明了具体的函数功能,在保障系统可靠性的同时,提高了系统的可扩展性,为多种调度算法调度器类的实现提供了便利。同时,在平台中实现了包括比例公平算法、修正的最大时延优先及指数算法等几种经典算法的调度器类。借助该平台,可完成常见资源调度算法的仿真验证。
[Abstract]:With the rise of mobile Internet, the demand for (Quality of Service, QoS) in wireless communication is expanding rapidly. It is difficult for the second and third generation mobile cellular networks to meet this demand. In response to these growing demands, The third Generation Partnership Program (3rd Generation Partnership Project,3GPP) introduced the long-term evolution plan (Long Term Evolution, LTE) and adopted the orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) technology as the multi-access transmission mode of the fourth-generation mobile cellular network standard. The LTE system divides the channel into a series of orthogonal subcarriers. Single carrier frequency division multiple access (Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiplexing Access,SC-FDMA) is introduced into uplink transmission. The allocation of time-frequency resources is restricted and the problem of resource scheduling becomes more complex. In addition, due to the system can not provide the uplink packet delay report, the existing literature rarely consider the uplink packet delay characteristics in the scheduling algorithm, which can not guarantee the user QoS requirements. In this paper, considering the characteristics of LTE uplink transmission, we study the LTE uplink resource scheduling algorithm, which not only guarantees the user's QoS requirements, but also improves the actual throughput of the system. In addition, in order to verify the performance of the existing LTE resource scheduling algorithms, the resource scheduling module of the LTE system-level simulation platform is built to complete the simulation work of the scheduling algorithm. The main work of this paper is summarized as follows: firstly, the related protocols of 3GPP are studied, the LTE multiple access transmission technology and scheduling mechanism are expounded, and the characteristics of LTE physical layer multiple access transmission and the problems in resource scheduling are summarized. At the same time, this paper investigates the existing research results of LTE resource scheduling, induces and classifies different algorithms, summarizes the design ideas of related mechanisms, and compares the performance of different algorithms. Secondly, considering that packet delay in LTE uplink transmission can not be obtained directly, this paper proposes a packet delay estimation algorithm which makes full use of the buffer status to report the (Buffer Status Report, BSR) arrival time information, thus making it possible to ensure the user delay. At the same time, the overall channel condition of the system is optimized by considering the relay selection strategy after adding relay in the system. Based on the limitation of carrier allocation introduced by SC-FDMA, a cooperative subcarrier allocation algorithm is described in this paper. In the process of dynamic subcarrier allocation, the channel and buffer states of all users are considered globally, so that the throughput and delay performance of the system are guaranteed, and the QoS requirements of users are ensured. In addition, according to 3GPP specification, the resource scheduling module of LTE system-level simulation platform based on network simulator 3 (Network Simulator3, NS-3) is built, and the related scheduling signaling and configuration signaling are designed and implemented, and the resource scheduling flow of the whole LTE network is simulated. Based on the polymorphism of C, several abstract classes are constructed, and the specific function functions are declared. It not only guarantees the reliability of the system, but also improves the expansibility of the system. It provides convenience for the realization of the scheduler classes of various scheduling algorithms. At the same time, the scheduler classes of several classical algorithms, such as proportional fairness algorithm, modified maximum delay priority and exponential algorithm, are implemented in the platform. With the help of this platform, the simulation of common resource scheduling algorithms can be completed.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5
[Abstract]:With the rise of mobile Internet, the demand for (Quality of Service, QoS) in wireless communication is expanding rapidly. It is difficult for the second and third generation mobile cellular networks to meet this demand. In response to these growing demands, The third Generation Partnership Program (3rd Generation Partnership Project,3GPP) introduced the long-term evolution plan (Long Term Evolution, LTE) and adopted the orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) technology as the multi-access transmission mode of the fourth-generation mobile cellular network standard. The LTE system divides the channel into a series of orthogonal subcarriers. Single carrier frequency division multiple access (Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiplexing Access,SC-FDMA) is introduced into uplink transmission. The allocation of time-frequency resources is restricted and the problem of resource scheduling becomes more complex. In addition, due to the system can not provide the uplink packet delay report, the existing literature rarely consider the uplink packet delay characteristics in the scheduling algorithm, which can not guarantee the user QoS requirements. In this paper, considering the characteristics of LTE uplink transmission, we study the LTE uplink resource scheduling algorithm, which not only guarantees the user's QoS requirements, but also improves the actual throughput of the system. In addition, in order to verify the performance of the existing LTE resource scheduling algorithms, the resource scheduling module of the LTE system-level simulation platform is built to complete the simulation work of the scheduling algorithm. The main work of this paper is summarized as follows: firstly, the related protocols of 3GPP are studied, the LTE multiple access transmission technology and scheduling mechanism are expounded, and the characteristics of LTE physical layer multiple access transmission and the problems in resource scheduling are summarized. At the same time, this paper investigates the existing research results of LTE resource scheduling, induces and classifies different algorithms, summarizes the design ideas of related mechanisms, and compares the performance of different algorithms. Secondly, considering that packet delay in LTE uplink transmission can not be obtained directly, this paper proposes a packet delay estimation algorithm which makes full use of the buffer status to report the (Buffer Status Report, BSR) arrival time information, thus making it possible to ensure the user delay. At the same time, the overall channel condition of the system is optimized by considering the relay selection strategy after adding relay in the system. Based on the limitation of carrier allocation introduced by SC-FDMA, a cooperative subcarrier allocation algorithm is described in this paper. In the process of dynamic subcarrier allocation, the channel and buffer states of all users are considered globally, so that the throughput and delay performance of the system are guaranteed, and the QoS requirements of users are ensured. In addition, according to 3GPP specification, the resource scheduling module of LTE system-level simulation platform based on network simulator 3 (Network Simulator3, NS-3) is built, and the related scheduling signaling and configuration signaling are designed and implemented, and the resource scheduling flow of the whole LTE network is simulated. Based on the polymorphism of C, several abstract classes are constructed, and the specific function functions are declared. It not only guarantees the reliability of the system, but also improves the expansibility of the system. It provides convenience for the realization of the scheduler classes of various scheduling algorithms. At the same time, the scheduler classes of several classical algorithms, such as proportional fairness algorithm, modified maximum delay priority and exponential algorithm, are implemented in the platform. With the help of this platform, the simulation of common resource scheduling algorithms can be completed.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5
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