高阻抗表面在平面天线中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-09-08 15:02

【摘要】：本论文旨在研究高阻抗表面结构在天线及天线阵列中的应用。高阻抗表面结构是电磁带隙结构中的一种,由金属和介质基板共同组成,其周期远小于工作波长,和其他电磁带隙结构一样可以抑制表面波,同时在一定的频带范围内具有同相反射的特性。由于高阻抗表面具有上述特殊性质,现已被广泛应用于微波电路和微波天线领域。多频带、宽频带、小型化的新型高阻抗表面也成为学者们的研究热点。本文从高阻抗表面在天线及天线阵列中的应用出发,开展了较为深入的研究,主要的研究工作总结如下。首先,对高阻抗表面的同相反射特性和抑制表面波特性进行了分析,并针对蘑菇型高阻抗表面研究其参数对前述两种特性的影响,同时研究了斜入射时同相反射特性的变化。然后,针对单元间距较小的天线阵列,设计了宽度较窄的小型化带支节单叉形高阻抗表面,利用其抑制表面波特性降低天线之间的互耦。此外,将其应用在扫描阵列中,从而改善端口的阻抗匹配,特别是改善宽角度扫描时的驻波恶化现象,增大了扫描阵的波束扫描范围。其次,还设计了基于倒锥形的小型双频单极子天线,可以在不改变天线整体形状和尺寸的情况下灵活调节频率比；针对该双频单极子天线,设计了双频高阻抗表面,利用其同相反射特性,实现了低剖面双频天线。最后,提出了变极化高阻抗表面的概念,利用45°金属栅条以及高阻抗表面实现了极化扭转的目的；并将其应用于线极化单极子天线,在一定的频段内实现了圆极化的特性；同时,研究设计了双向变极化高阻抗表面,在此基础上实现了低剖面双频圆极化天线。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this thesis is to study the application of high impedance surface structure in antenna and antenna array. High impedance surface structure is a kind of electromagnetic band gap structure, which is composed of metal and dielectric substrate, and its period is far less than the working wavelength. At the same time, in a certain range of frequency band has the characteristics of in-phase reflection. The high impedance surface has been widely used in microwave circuits and antennas due to its special properties. New high impedance surfaces with multi-band, wide-band and miniaturization have also become the research hotspot of scholars. Based on the application of high impedance surface in antenna and antenna array, this paper has carried out more in-depth research. The main research work is summarized as follows. Firstly, the in-phase reflection characteristics and suppression surface wave characteristics of high impedance surfaces are analyzed, and the effects of the parameters on the two characteristics are studied in view of the mushroom high impedance surfaces, and the variation of the in-phase reflection characteristics at oblique incidence is also studied. Then, for the antenna array with small cell spacing, a miniaturized single-forked high impedance surface with narrow width is designed to reduce the mutual coupling between antennas by using the characteristics of suppressing the surface wave. In addition, it is applied to the scanning array to improve the impedance matching of the ports, especially the deterioration of the standing wave in the wide-angle scanning, which increases the scanning range of the scanning array. Secondly, a small dual-frequency monopole antenna based on inverted cones is designed, which can flexibly adjust the frequency ratio without changing the overall shape and size of the antenna, and the dual-frequency high impedance surface is designed for the dual-frequency monopole antenna. The low profile dual-frequency antenna is realized by using its in-phase reflection characteristics. Finally, the concept of variable polarization high impedance surface is proposed, and the purpose of polarization torsion is realized by using 45 掳metal bars and high impedance surface, and it is applied to the linear polarized monopole antenna to realize the characteristics of circular polarization in a certain frequency range. At the same time, the bidirectional variable polarization high impedance surface is designed and the low profile dual frequency circular polarization antenna is realized.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN823.27

【共引文献】