基于无线传感器网络的室内定位系统研究

发布时间：2018-09-11 15:50

【摘要】：近年来，随着无线传感器网络的快速发展，室内定位已成为无线传感器网络的研究热点，在室内环境下，常常需要确定设备持有者或物体的具体位置，然而影响定位的因素很多，不断改进定位系统并探索更为完善的定位方案是国内外研究的重要课题。本文研究和实现了基于ZigBee技术的RSSI定位方案，基于此方案分析了系统设计需求并制定出总体设计方案，以CC2430/CC2431为核心进行了芯片电路设计和RS232串口电路设计，软件上实现了参考节点、盲节点和网关节点的设计，对搭建的定位系统进行测试分析，该系统在一定程度上满足了室内定位的需求，具有低成本、低功耗的特点，但同时存在一定的缺陷，ZigBee定位系统依赖于参考节点，，定位容易受复杂环境的影响且仅局限于二维平面，该系统没有通过建立轨迹追踪模型实现移动物体的轨迹追踪。针对以上不足，本文研究了基于航位推算的定位方案，从系统成本和复杂度、参考节点的依赖性、定位范围和定位实现等方面对定位系统进行分析，该系统在一定程度上优于ZigBee定位系统，但航位推算定位存在长时间定位误差累积的缺点。在此基础上，本文提出了融合定位方案，即将航位推算定位和ZigBee定位融合在一起，通过仿真分析可知，融合定位方案能够弥补单一定位系统的不足，实现优势互补，为用户提供更为完善的室内定位服务。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless sensor networks, indoor positioning has become a research hotspot in wireless sensor networks. In the indoor environment, it is often necessary to determine the specific location of the device holder or object. However, there are many factors that affect the positioning. It is an important topic to improve the positioning system and explore a more perfect positioning scheme. In this paper, the RSSI positioning scheme based on ZigBee technology is studied and realized. Based on this scheme, the system design requirements are analyzed and the overall design scheme is worked out. The chip circuit design and RS232 serial port circuit design are carried out with CC2430/CC2431 as the core. The design of reference node, blind node and gateway node is realized in the software. The system is tested and analyzed. To some extent, the system meets the requirements of indoor positioning, and has the characteristics of low cost and low power consumption. At the same time, there are some defects in ZigBee positioning system, which depend on reference nodes, and the location is easily affected by complex environment and confined to two-dimensional plane. The system does not establish a trajectory tracking model to track the trajectory of moving objects. In view of the above shortcomings, this paper studies the positioning scheme based on dead-reckoning, analyzes the positioning system from the aspects of system cost and complexity, the dependence of reference nodes, positioning range and location realization, etc. The system is superior to the ZigBee positioning system to some extent, but it has the shortcoming of long time position error accumulation. On this basis, this paper proposes a fusion positioning scheme, that is, the combination of reckoning positioning and ZigBee positioning. Through simulation analysis, the fusion positioning scheme can make up for the shortcomings of the single positioning system and realize the complementary advantages. To provide users with a more complete indoor positioning services.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9

【相似文献】