面向盲信道交汇的无线认知网络媒体接入控制关键技术研究
发布时间：2018-09-12 09:00
【摘要】：随着无线网络的迅猛发展和无线业务的爆炸式增长,传统静态频谱分配管理策略所引发的频谱资源紧缺问题变得越来越严重,极大地制约了未来新型无线应用的出现和发展。为了改变目前频谱资源使用极度不均衡的局面,允许非授权用户(又称次用户)在不干扰授权用户(又称主用户)的前提下临时使用授权频段,已逐渐成为各国频谱管理机构的共识。认知无线电正是将这种共识转变为现实的技术,被工业界和学术界广泛认为是提高频谱资源利用率最有前景的技术,使得以该技术为基础的无线认知网络(CRN)成为当前热门研究领域。由于无线认知网络的信道可用性受主用户(PU)活动影响而动态变化,如何建立公共控制信道成为实现无线认知网络组网和实际部署急待解决的首要难题。近年来,随着盲信道交汇概念的提出,催生出了一大批基于信道跳转序列(CHS)的盲信道交汇策略研究工作,虽然消除了传统公共控制信道建立方式的不足,但同时也为组网协议设计以及性能分析和优化引入了新的问题。本文面向CHS盲信道交汇方式,研究与媒体接入控制(MAC)层相关的关键问题。介绍盲信道交汇的概念和具体实现策略,并剖析现有CHS盲信道交汇策略的设计原理以及所关注问题和性能。分析和归纳这种新型公共控制信道建立方式在MAC层带来的协议设计以及性能分析和优化问题,主要工作如下。(1)针对面向CHS盲信道交汇设计MAC协议的问题,设计了非协作式CH-CSMA/CA MAC协议和协作式Co CH-CSMA/CA MAC协议两种CSMA/CA MAC协议。CH-CSMA/CA MAC通过扩展回退计数器的冻结机制,将分时槽工作方式引入到IEEE 802.11分布式协调功能(DCF)中。针对交汇失同步导致的假冲突问题,提出了一种增强型虚拟载波侦听机制,相比传统虚拟载波侦听机制,通过减少对预留信道资源的浪费,不仅降低了报文投递延迟而且将网络吞吐提高了至少69.6%。针对CH-CSMA/CA MAC无法识别假冲突的问题,Co CH-CSMA/CA MAC设计了基于信号相关检测的协作式控制反馈机制,帮助发送者识别假冲突,解决了错误回退行为延长回退倒数过程的问题。通过扩展经典Bianchi模型分析这两种MAC协议的行为并验证分析的正确性,揭示了回退倒数过程和真冲突之间的平衡问题是导致CH-CSMA/CA MAC和Co CH-CSMA/CA MAC分别适用于次用户(SU)稠密和稀疏网络场景的根本原因。探讨了Co CH-CSMA/CA MAC中假冲突检测精度和伪噪声序列(PNS)长度对MAC协议性能的影响,指出通过增加PNS长度提高假冲突检测精度并不能提高MAC协议的性能。(2)现有CHS盲信道交汇策略侧重解决CRN多信道MAC中的接入协商问题而忽略了接入控制问题,导致其关注的信道交汇时延不能真实反映链路建立时延性能。针对该问题,分析了在网络处于饱和传输状态时SU使用本地CHS建立链路的时延,即信道接入时延。首次综合考虑了CHS盲信道交汇策略、PU活动和多用户竞争对信道接入时延的影响,使用经扩展的经典Bianchi模型和吸收态马尔科夫模型进行联合建模分析,通过仿真实验验证了分析的正确性。为衡量多用户竞争的影响,提出了抓住传输机会概率的性能指标,并讨论通过报文聚合改变报文长度对抓住传输机会概率以及MAC协议性能的影响。仿真结果表明,报文聚合因提高信道接入时延而无法确保能提高网络吞吐量。(3)在使用CHS盲信道交汇的CRN中,报文成功传输需要同时满足发送者成功定位接收者信道和没有遭遇冲突两个条件,而现有传输协调策略只考虑了在链路建立过程中定位接收者信道的性能。针对该问题,提出了一种基于状态分配的传输协调(STC)策略,同时考虑了定位接收者信道和多用户竞争对链路连通性的影响。相比现有传输协调策略,STC策略虽然在定位接收者信道的性能上有损失,但通过缓解多用户竞争提高了SU发送者抓住传输机会的概率,能进一步提高MAC协议性能。仿真实验表明,STC策略能在牺牲定位接收者信道的性能和提高抓住传输机会概率的性能之间寻找最佳平衡点,具有灵活适应不同网络场景,优化MAC协议性能的优点。(4)在数据传输链路遭恶意攻击阻断后,现有CHS盲信道交汇策略因CRN信道数规模大和PU活动影响,重建链路的效率低下。针对该问题,提出了一种基于邻居协作的快速链路重建(NC-FLR)策略,通过挖掘CHS多样性为邻居帮助SU发送者快速寻找目标接收者提供的协作机会,有效提高了现有CHS盲信道交汇策略重建链路的速度。通过邻居协作重建链路能够达到“多radio虚拟化”的效果,即SU发送者借用邻居radio实现使用多个radio来搜寻目标接收者。在仅有一个邻居参与协作的情况下,能将最优CHS盲信道交汇策略的链路重建延迟降低近30%。综上,本文面向CHS盲信道交汇方式,系统研究了与媒体接入控制密切相关的协议设计以及性能分析和优化问题,为上层协议的设计和研究奠定了基础,对推动认知无线网络组网和实际部署具有一定的应用价值和理论指导意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of wireless networks and the explosive growth of wireless services, the shortage of spectrum resources caused by the traditional static spectrum allocation management strategy becomes more and more serious, which greatly restricts the emergence and development of new wireless applications in the future. The temporary use of authorized bands by users (also called secondary users) without interfering with authorized users (also known as primary users) has gradually become the consensus of spectrum management agencies in various countries. As the channel availability of wireless cognitive networks is dynamically affected by the activities of the primary users (PU), how to establish a common control channel has become the most important problem to be solved in wireless cognitive network networking and actual deployment. The concept of channel intersection brings about a large number of research work on blind channel intersection strategy based on channel hopping sequence (CHS). Although it eliminates the shortcomings of traditional public control channel establishment methods, it also introduces new problems for network protocol design and performance analysis and optimization. The key issues related to MAC layer are studied. The concept and implementation strategy of blind channel intersection are introduced. The design principle of existing CHS blind channel intersection strategy, the problems concerned and its performance are analyzed. The protocol design, performance analysis and performance analysis brought about by this new common control channel establishment method in MAC layer are analyzed and summarized. The main work is as follows. (1) To solve the problem of designing MAC protocol for blind channel intersection in CHS, two kinds of CSMA/CA MAC protocols, non-cooperative CH-CSMA/CA MAC protocol and cooperative Co-CH-CSMA/CA MAC protocol, are designed. CH-CSMA/CA MAC introduces slot mode to IEEE 802.11 distribution by extending the freezing mechanism of backoff counter. In DCF, an enhanced virtual carrier interception mechanism is proposed to solve the problem of false collision caused by intersection out-of-synchronization. Compared with traditional virtual carrier interception mechanism, it not only reduces packet delivery delay but also improves network throughput by at least 69.6% by reducing the waste of reserved channel resources. Co CH-CSMA/CA MAC designs a cooperative control feedback mechanism based on signal correlation detection to help senders identify false conflicts and solve the problem of prolonging the backward countdown process of error backoff behavior. The fundamental reason why CH-CSMA/CA MAC and Co CH-CSMA/CA MAC are suitable for dense and sparse SU network scenarios is pointed out. The influence of false conflict detection accuracy and pseudo noise sequence (PNS) length on the performance of MAC protocol in Co-CSMA/CA MAC is discussed. (2) The existing CHS blind channel intersection strategy focuses on the access negotiation problem in CRN multi-channel MAC and ignores the access control problem, which results in the channel intersection delay which can not reflect the link establishment delay performance. In saturated transmission state, SU uses local CHS to establish link delay, i.e. channel access delay. For the first time, the influence of blind channel intersection strategy, PU activity and multi-user competition on channel access delay is considered synthetically. The extended classical Bianchi model and the absorbed Markov model are used to model and analyze the link delay. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective. The correctness of the analysis is verified. To measure the effect of multi-user competition, the performance index of seizing transmission opportunity probability is proposed, and the effect of changing packet length by packet aggregation on seizing transmission opportunity probability and the performance of MAC protocol is discussed. Throughput. (3) In CRN using CHS blind channel intersection, the successful transmission of a message needs to satisfy two conditions: the sender locates the receiver channel successfully and does not encounter collision. However, the existing transmission coordination strategy only considers the performance of locating the receiver channel in the process of link establishment. The transmission coordination (STC) strategy considers the effect of location receiver channel and multi-user competition on link connectivity. Compared with the existing transmission coordination strategy, STC strategy has a loss in the performance of location receiver channel, but by alleviating multi-user competition improves the probability of SU senders seizing transmission opportunities and further improves MA. Simulation results show that the STC strategy can find the best balance between the performance of locating the receiver channel and the performance of improving the probability of seizing the transmission opportunity. It has the advantages of flexible adaptation to different network scenarios and optimizing the performance of MAC protocol. (4) After the malicious attack blocked the data transmission link, the existing CHS blind channel intersection strategy. To solve this problem, a fast link reconstruction (NC-FLR) strategy based on neighbor cooperation is proposed. By mining the diversity of CHS, neighbors can help SU senders to find the cooperative opportunities provided by the target receiver quickly, which effectively improves the existing blind channel intersection scheme for CHS. Link reconstruction speed is slightly reduced. Link reconstruction delay of the optimal CHS blind channel intersection strategy can be reduced by nearly 30% when only one neighbor participates in the cooperation. In this paper, we systematically study the protocol design, performance analysis and optimization problems closely related to media access control, which lays a foundation for the design and research of upper layer protocols, and has certain application value and theoretical significance for promoting the cognitive wireless network networking and actual deployment.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN925
本文编号：2238532
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of wireless networks and the explosive growth of wireless services, the shortage of spectrum resources caused by the traditional static spectrum allocation management strategy becomes more and more serious, which greatly restricts the emergence and development of new wireless applications in the future. The temporary use of authorized bands by users (also called secondary users) without interfering with authorized users (also known as primary users) has gradually become the consensus of spectrum management agencies in various countries. As the channel availability of wireless cognitive networks is dynamically affected by the activities of the primary users (PU), how to establish a common control channel has become the most important problem to be solved in wireless cognitive network networking and actual deployment. The concept of channel intersection brings about a large number of research work on blind channel intersection strategy based on channel hopping sequence (CHS). Although it eliminates the shortcomings of traditional public control channel establishment methods, it also introduces new problems for network protocol design and performance analysis and optimization. The key issues related to MAC layer are studied. The concept and implementation strategy of blind channel intersection are introduced. The design principle of existing CHS blind channel intersection strategy, the problems concerned and its performance are analyzed. The protocol design, performance analysis and performance analysis brought about by this new common control channel establishment method in MAC layer are analyzed and summarized. The main work is as follows. (1) To solve the problem of designing MAC protocol for blind channel intersection in CHS, two kinds of CSMA/CA MAC protocols, non-cooperative CH-CSMA/CA MAC protocol and cooperative Co-CH-CSMA/CA MAC protocol, are designed. CH-CSMA/CA MAC introduces slot mode to IEEE 802.11 distribution by extending the freezing mechanism of backoff counter. In DCF, an enhanced virtual carrier interception mechanism is proposed to solve the problem of false collision caused by intersection out-of-synchronization. Compared with traditional virtual carrier interception mechanism, it not only reduces packet delivery delay but also improves network throughput by at least 69.6% by reducing the waste of reserved channel resources. Co CH-CSMA/CA MAC designs a cooperative control feedback mechanism based on signal correlation detection to help senders identify false conflicts and solve the problem of prolonging the backward countdown process of error backoff behavior. The fundamental reason why CH-CSMA/CA MAC and Co CH-CSMA/CA MAC are suitable for dense and sparse SU network scenarios is pointed out. The influence of false conflict detection accuracy and pseudo noise sequence (PNS) length on the performance of MAC protocol in Co-CSMA/CA MAC is discussed. (2) The existing CHS blind channel intersection strategy focuses on the access negotiation problem in CRN multi-channel MAC and ignores the access control problem, which results in the channel intersection delay which can not reflect the link establishment delay performance. In saturated transmission state, SU uses local CHS to establish link delay, i.e. channel access delay. For the first time, the influence of blind channel intersection strategy, PU activity and multi-user competition on channel access delay is considered synthetically. The extended classical Bianchi model and the absorbed Markov model are used to model and analyze the link delay. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective. The correctness of the analysis is verified. To measure the effect of multi-user competition, the performance index of seizing transmission opportunity probability is proposed, and the effect of changing packet length by packet aggregation on seizing transmission opportunity probability and the performance of MAC protocol is discussed. Throughput. (3) In CRN using CHS blind channel intersection, the successful transmission of a message needs to satisfy two conditions: the sender locates the receiver channel successfully and does not encounter collision. However, the existing transmission coordination strategy only considers the performance of locating the receiver channel in the process of link establishment. The transmission coordination (STC) strategy considers the effect of location receiver channel and multi-user competition on link connectivity. Compared with the existing transmission coordination strategy, STC strategy has a loss in the performance of location receiver channel, but by alleviating multi-user competition improves the probability of SU senders seizing transmission opportunities and further improves MA. Simulation results show that the STC strategy can find the best balance between the performance of locating the receiver channel and the performance of improving the probability of seizing the transmission opportunity. It has the advantages of flexible adaptation to different network scenarios and optimizing the performance of MAC protocol. (4) After the malicious attack blocked the data transmission link, the existing CHS blind channel intersection strategy. To solve this problem, a fast link reconstruction (NC-FLR) strategy based on neighbor cooperation is proposed. By mining the diversity of CHS, neighbors can help SU senders to find the cooperative opportunities provided by the target receiver quickly, which effectively improves the existing blind channel intersection scheme for CHS. Link reconstruction speed is slightly reduced. Link reconstruction delay of the optimal CHS blind channel intersection strategy can be reduced by nearly 30% when only one neighbor participates in the cooperation. In this paper, we systematically study the protocol design, performance analysis and optimization problems closely related to media access control, which lays a foundation for the design and research of upper layer protocols, and has certain application value and theoretical significance for promoting the cognitive wireless network networking and actual deployment.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN925
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