阵列综合与天线雷达截面控制技术研究
发布时间：2018-10-09 18:19
【摘要】：随着信息技术的飞速发展,现代化的侦查设备和武器系统进入智能化时代,其精度与强度越来越高,使得传统武器在战场上突防、生存和打击能力受到严重的威胁。对于低RCS武器平台,天线的RCS就相对显得巨大,其RCS控制问题逐渐凸显,也成为制约整个系统隐身性能的瓶颈。因此,有效地降低及控制天线或阵列天线的RCS,在天线的辐射与散射间做适当合理的折衷,对于系统的隐身性能具有重大的意义。本论文密切结合国家项目着重就阵列综合问题与天线雷达截面的控制方法进行了有效的研究,主要内容可概括为:1.首先对优化算法做了一定的研究,主要讨论了粒子群优化算法、差分进化算法。对于HFSS软件的二次开发进行了系统的描述,并利用Matlab调用HFSS软件,在差分进化优化策略下对MIMO系统天线阵元位置对其信道相关系数的影响做了初步的探索。之后,为提高优化效率,将粒子群算法与隐式空间映射算法相结合,并将这一方法成功地用于阵列综合中,为复杂天线的快速优化做出了探索。2.通过对结构型吸波材料的研究,实现了将结构型吸波材料用于微带天线的RCS减缩中。通过吸波材料的特性分析,设计了包括加载集总电阻的小型化结构型吸波材料等多组吸波材料,并将部分置于微带天线单元之间。提供了一种不改变天线基本结构,不增加天线剖面,利用单元间加载技术,通过吸波材料对入射波的吸收作用,实现微带天线带内RCS减缩的新方法。3.分析了缺陷地结构的一般原理与特点,设计了一款RCSSR型的双频缺陷地结构,并将该结构加载与双频微带天线之间,给出了一种降低多频段微带天线单元之间互耦的方法。4.为了应对天线RCS减缩宽频化的需求,通过吸波材料的等效电路分析,设计了一款基于频率选择表面的复合宽频吸波材料。该材料具有良好的吸波效果以及较宽的带宽,并将其应用于两种端射天线的反射板置换,利用牺牲最小化的增益换取RCS减缩并做到辐射与散射折衷处理的指导思想,达到了在保证天线基本辐射性能的前提下,天线的单站RCS减缩。5.传统的天线RCS减缩方法,当入射波方向为非垂直入射时即会出现天线RCS减缩困难的问题。本文研究了左手材料并分析了其基本特性,对基本的SRR型左手材料进行了详细的参数分析。给出了基于左手材料下的特定角度范围内天线RCS减缩的基本原理以及使用LHM结构覆层后电磁波照射时天线散射的几部分构成。6.在基于左手材料的天线RCS减缩原理的指导下,研究了两组基于左手材料覆层的天线RCS减缩实例,同时为了应对加载覆层后天线剖面骤增的问题,设计了一款低剖面的LHM结构覆层,改善了加载覆层后的天线剖面,并加工实测了低剖面天线样机。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology, the modern investigation equipment and weapon system have entered the intelligent era, its precision and intensity are more and more high, which makes the traditional weapons penetration in the battlefield, survival and strike ability is seriously threatened. For the low RCS weapon platform, the RCS of the antenna is relatively huge, and the RCS control problem is becoming more and more prominent, which has become the bottleneck restricting the stealthy performance of the whole system. Therefore, it is of great significance for the stealthy performance of the system to reduce and control the RCS, of antenna or array antenna effectively and make a proper and reasonable tradeoff between the radiation and scattering of antenna. In this paper, the effective research on array synthesis and antenna radar cross section control method is carried out in close combination with the national project. The main content can be summarized as: 1. Firstly, the optimization algorithm is studied, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm and differential evolution algorithm are discussed. The secondary development of HFSS software is described systematically, and the influence of the location of antenna array elements on the channel correlation coefficient of MIMO system is preliminarily explored under the differential evolution optimization strategy by using Matlab to call HFSS software. Then, in order to improve the optimization efficiency, the particle swarm optimization algorithm and implicit space mapping algorithm are combined, and this method is successfully used in array synthesis. Based on the study of the structural absorbing materials, the structural absorbing materials are used in the RCS reduction of microstrip antennas. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the absorbing materials, several groups of absorbing materials, such as miniature structural absorbing materials with loaded lumped resistors, are designed, and some of them are placed between the microstrip antenna elements. A new method of RCS reduction in microstrip antenna strip is provided, which does not change the basic structure of the antenna and does not increase the antenna profile. By using the technology of interelement loading and absorbing the incident wave by absorbing materials, a new method of RCS reduction in the microstrip antenna is provided. This paper analyzes the general principle and characteristics of the defective ground structure, designs a dual-frequency defective ground structure of RCSSR type, loads the structure between the dual-frequency microstrip antenna and the dual-frequency microstrip antenna, and presents a method to reduce the mutual coupling between the multi-band microstrip antenna elements. In order to meet the demand of antenna RCS reduction and broadband reduction, a composite broadband absorbing material based on frequency selective surface was designed by analyzing the equivalent circuit of absorbing material. The material has good absorbing effect and wide bandwidth. It is applied to the reflector replacement of two kinds of end-emitting antennas. The RCS is reduced by sacrificing the minimum gain and the tradeoff between radiation and scattering is achieved. Under the premise of guaranteeing the basic radiation performance of the antenna, the single station RCS of the antenna is reduced by 5. 5. In the traditional antenna RCS reduction method, the problem of antenna RCS reduction will occur when the direction of incident wave is non-perpendicular. In this paper, the left-handed materials are studied and their basic properties are analyzed. The basic SRR left-handed materials are analyzed in detail. The basic principle of antenna RCS reduction based on left-handed material in a specific angle range and several components of antenna scattering after electromagnetic wave irradiation using LHM structure are given. Under the guidance of the RCS reduction principle of the antenna based on left-handed material, two groups of antenna RCS reduction cases based on the left-handed material coating are studied. In order to cope with the problem of the sudden increase of antenna profile after the loading of the coating, two groups of antenna RCS reduction examples are studied. A low profile LHM structure coating is designed to improve the antenna profile after loading and the prototype of the low profile antenna is processed.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.2
本文编号：2260312
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology, the modern investigation equipment and weapon system have entered the intelligent era, its precision and intensity are more and more high, which makes the traditional weapons penetration in the battlefield, survival and strike ability is seriously threatened. For the low RCS weapon platform, the RCS of the antenna is relatively huge, and the RCS control problem is becoming more and more prominent, which has become the bottleneck restricting the stealthy performance of the whole system. Therefore, it is of great significance for the stealthy performance of the system to reduce and control the RCS, of antenna or array antenna effectively and make a proper and reasonable tradeoff between the radiation and scattering of antenna. In this paper, the effective research on array synthesis and antenna radar cross section control method is carried out in close combination with the national project. The main content can be summarized as: 1. Firstly, the optimization algorithm is studied, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm and differential evolution algorithm are discussed. The secondary development of HFSS software is described systematically, and the influence of the location of antenna array elements on the channel correlation coefficient of MIMO system is preliminarily explored under the differential evolution optimization strategy by using Matlab to call HFSS software. Then, in order to improve the optimization efficiency, the particle swarm optimization algorithm and implicit space mapping algorithm are combined, and this method is successfully used in array synthesis. Based on the study of the structural absorbing materials, the structural absorbing materials are used in the RCS reduction of microstrip antennas. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the absorbing materials, several groups of absorbing materials, such as miniature structural absorbing materials with loaded lumped resistors, are designed, and some of them are placed between the microstrip antenna elements. A new method of RCS reduction in microstrip antenna strip is provided, which does not change the basic structure of the antenna and does not increase the antenna profile. By using the technology of interelement loading and absorbing the incident wave by absorbing materials, a new method of RCS reduction in the microstrip antenna is provided. This paper analyzes the general principle and characteristics of the defective ground structure, designs a dual-frequency defective ground structure of RCSSR type, loads the structure between the dual-frequency microstrip antenna and the dual-frequency microstrip antenna, and presents a method to reduce the mutual coupling between the multi-band microstrip antenna elements. In order to meet the demand of antenna RCS reduction and broadband reduction, a composite broadband absorbing material based on frequency selective surface was designed by analyzing the equivalent circuit of absorbing material. The material has good absorbing effect and wide bandwidth. It is applied to the reflector replacement of two kinds of end-emitting antennas. The RCS is reduced by sacrificing the minimum gain and the tradeoff between radiation and scattering is achieved. Under the premise of guaranteeing the basic radiation performance of the antenna, the single station RCS of the antenna is reduced by 5. 5. In the traditional antenna RCS reduction method, the problem of antenna RCS reduction will occur when the direction of incident wave is non-perpendicular. In this paper, the left-handed materials are studied and their basic properties are analyzed. The basic SRR left-handed materials are analyzed in detail. The basic principle of antenna RCS reduction based on left-handed material in a specific angle range and several components of antenna scattering after electromagnetic wave irradiation using LHM structure are given. Under the guidance of the RCS reduction principle of the antenna based on left-handed material, two groups of antenna RCS reduction cases based on the left-handed material coating are studied. In order to cope with the problem of the sudden increase of antenna profile after the loading of the coating, two groups of antenna RCS reduction examples are studied. A low profile LHM structure coating is designed to improve the antenna profile after loading and the prototype of the low profile antenna is processed.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.2
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 王少敏,高建平,于九皋,王为;大分子视黄基席夫碱盐微波吸收剂的制备[J];宇航材料工艺;2000年02期
，本文编号：2260312
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