调频连续波雷达在雷达测距中的算法研究
发布时间：2018-10-10 16:08
【摘要】：雷达存在于现代人类生活的各个领域，拥有着不可或缺的重要地位。在实际的使用过程中，线性调频连续波雷达凭借其发射功率较低，，距离分辨率较高，不存在探测盲区，抗干扰能力较强，硬件实现难度较低等优点，在各个领域中占据着越来越重要的位置，因此对线性调频连续波雷达的研究有着很高的实用价值。 本文通过查阅大量的国内外资料和文献，首先对线性调频连续波雷达的系统组成和测距原理进行了深入研究，详细分析了线性调频连续波雷达系统中的发射信号、接收信号、差拍信号以及干扰信号，并进行实验仿真；然后重点研究了在理想状态下对差拍信号的处理方法，以便能够得到较为精确的目标距离信息，分别对传统的FFT算法、Chirp-Z算法、谱最大值估计算法、拟合法等几种算法的原理和实现方法进行研究，并使用这几种算法对差拍信号进行处理，通过仿真实验得出差拍信号主频以及待测目标距离信息；最后提出了一种改进的信号处理算法，即将拟合法和Chirp-Z算法相结合对差拍信号进行处理，使用该算法进行实验仿真，得出差拍信号主频以及待测目标的距离。 假设不同的雷达参数设置以及不同的目标距离设置，分别采取上述几种算法提取差拍信号的主频，获得距离信息，将测距结果进行比较。仿真结果表明在相同条件下传统的FFT算法所得目标距离误差较大，Chirp-Z算法、谱最大值估计算法、拟合法这几种改进的算法能够有效地提高测距的精度，而本文提出的拟合法和Chirp-Z算法相结合的方法能够快速准确的提取差拍信号的中心频率，能够较大程度的提高线性调频连续波雷达的测距精度；而无论采取哪种算法对差拍信号进行处理，获得的目标距离精度总是随着系统调制带宽的增大而提高，同时精度还会随着待测目标距离的增大而提高。
[Abstract]:Radar exists in every field of modern human life and has an indispensable position. In the process of practical use, the LFM continuous wave radar has the advantages of low transmitting power, high range resolution, no detection blind area, strong anti-jamming ability, low difficulty in hardware implementation, and so on. The research of linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar has a high practical value because it occupies more and more important position in every field. In this paper, through consulting a lot of domestic and international data and literature, firstly, the system composition and ranging principle of LFM CW radar are deeply studied, and the transmitting signal and receiving signal in LFM CWR system are analyzed in detail. The beat signal and the interference signal are simulated, and the processing method of the beat signal is studied in the ideal condition, so as to obtain the accurate target distance information. The traditional FFT algorithm and the Chirp-Z algorithm are used respectively. The principle and realization of several algorithms, such as spectrum maximum estimation algorithm and fitting method, are studied, and the beat signal is processed by these algorithms. The main frequency of the beat signal and the distance information of the target to be measured are obtained through the simulation experiment. Finally, an improved signal processing algorithm is proposed, which combines the fitting method and the Chirp-Z algorithm to process the beat signal. The algorithm is used for experimental simulation to obtain the main frequency of the beat signal and the distance of the target to be tested. Assuming different radar parameters and different target range settings, the main frequency of the beat signal is extracted by the above algorithms, and the range information is obtained, and the range results are compared. The simulation results show that under the same conditions, the target distance error of the traditional FFT algorithm is large, the Chirp-Z algorithm, the spectrum maximum estimation algorithm and the fitting method can effectively improve the accuracy of ranging. The proposed fitting method combined with Chirp-Z algorithm can extract the center frequency of beat signal quickly and accurately, and can improve the ranging accuracy of LFM CW radar to a large extent. However, no matter which algorithm is adopted to process the beat signal, the precision of the target range is always improved with the increase of the modulation bandwidth of the system, and the accuracy is also improved with the increase of the target distance to be measured.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN953.2
本文编号：2262412
[Abstract]:Radar exists in every field of modern human life and has an indispensable position. In the process of practical use, the LFM continuous wave radar has the advantages of low transmitting power, high range resolution, no detection blind area, strong anti-jamming ability, low difficulty in hardware implementation, and so on. The research of linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar has a high practical value because it occupies more and more important position in every field. In this paper, through consulting a lot of domestic and international data and literature, firstly, the system composition and ranging principle of LFM CW radar are deeply studied, and the transmitting signal and receiving signal in LFM CWR system are analyzed in detail. The beat signal and the interference signal are simulated, and the processing method of the beat signal is studied in the ideal condition, so as to obtain the accurate target distance information. The traditional FFT algorithm and the Chirp-Z algorithm are used respectively. The principle and realization of several algorithms, such as spectrum maximum estimation algorithm and fitting method, are studied, and the beat signal is processed by these algorithms. The main frequency of the beat signal and the distance information of the target to be measured are obtained through the simulation experiment. Finally, an improved signal processing algorithm is proposed, which combines the fitting method and the Chirp-Z algorithm to process the beat signal. The algorithm is used for experimental simulation to obtain the main frequency of the beat signal and the distance of the target to be tested. Assuming different radar parameters and different target range settings, the main frequency of the beat signal is extracted by the above algorithms, and the range information is obtained, and the range results are compared. The simulation results show that under the same conditions, the target distance error of the traditional FFT algorithm is large, the Chirp-Z algorithm, the spectrum maximum estimation algorithm and the fitting method can effectively improve the accuracy of ranging. The proposed fitting method combined with Chirp-Z algorithm can extract the center frequency of beat signal quickly and accurately, and can improve the ranging accuracy of LFM CW radar to a large extent. However, no matter which algorithm is adopted to process the beat signal, the precision of the target range is always improved with the increase of the modulation bandwidth of the system, and the accuracy is also improved with the increase of the target distance to be measured.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN953.2
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本文编号：2262412
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