基于车载传感器网络的路口数据传输的算法研究

发布时间：2018-10-15 17:55

【摘要】：现今车辆上安装了大量的种类丰富传感器,这些传感器根据其自身功能而产生不同类型的数据,随着传感器技术的不断进步和存储介质成本的降低,车辆上传感器所产生的数据除了文本文件之外,图片,音频和视频的数量也大大增加。这些大块的数据也被越来越多的人希望能够在车载传感器网络(Vehicular Sensor Network,VSN)中进行传输。一种能够有效地在车载传感器网络中传播数据的路由算法的需求越来越来强烈。在车载自组织网络(Vehicular Ad-hoc NETwork,VANET)中有很多路由算法能够移植到车载传感器网络中。然而,所有这些算法都没有考虑到车载自组织网络中大量的数据的传播,这些算法只是假设只要在发送车辆通信范围以内,数据就能够完全的被传输到目标车辆和设施中。实际上,因为车辆的高速移动性,车辆对车辆(Vehicle to Vehicle,V2V)或者车辆对设施(Vehicle to Infrastructure,V2I)的传输时间是非常短暂的,尤其是当发送车辆是在路口或者拐角处,而且向右边或左边发送数据时,因为路边的建筑和树木会阻挡向右边或左边的通信信号。唯一能够在路口传输数据的机会是发送车辆驶过路口的那一瞬间。现有的在车载自组织网络中的路由算法在遇到路口或转角处传输数据时会产生相当巨大的数据阻塞,而且只能来回的不停传送少量的数据,这在时间和计算资源上无疑是巨大的浪费。本论文提出的路口处基于车载传感器网络数据分发传输的算法就是用于解决上述问题,在解决过程中还会用到一些车辆上的传感器,比如说:加速计,GPS等。最终通过仿真的方式,在同车载自组织网络中的其他算法中比较,使车辆在路口的数据传输效率至少提升30%。考虑到在车辆比较稀疏的交通环境下,已知的路由算法都很难在车辆平均行驶时间内完全的传输完大量的数据,我们又提出了路口处停放车辆辅助的数据传输算法。该方法适合相当紧急的大量的数据在路口处的传输,也能够保障在稀疏的交通环境下,数据传输得以进行。
[Abstract]:Today, there are a large variety of sensors installed on vehicles. These sensors produce different types of data according to their own functions, with the development of sensor technology and the reduction of cost of storage media. In addition to text files, the amount of images, audio and video generated by sensors on the vehicle has increased significantly. These chunks of data are also being transmitted by a growing number of people in a car-borne sensor network (Vehicular Sensor Network,VSN). There is a growing demand for a routing algorithm that can effectively propagate data in vehicular sensor networks. There are many routing algorithms in vehicle Ad Hoc Networks (Vehicular Ad-hoc NETwork,VANET) that can be transplanted to vehicular sensor networks. However, all these algorithms do not take into account the propagation of a large amount of data in the vehicle-borne ad hoc network. These algorithms only assume that the data can be completely transmitted to the target vehicle and the facility as long as the data is within the range of the sending vehicle communication. In fact, because of the high speed of the vehicle, the transmission time between the vehicle to the vehicle (Vehicle to Vehicle,V2V) or the vehicle-to-facility (Vehicle to Infrastructure,V2I) is very short, especially when the sending vehicle is at the intersection or corner, and the data is sent to the right or left. Because roadside buildings and trees block communications to the right or left. The only chance to transmit data at an intersection is the moment a vehicle passes through the intersection. The existing routing algorithms in vehicle-borne ad hoc networks can produce a huge block of data when they encounter traffic at an intersection or corner, and can only transfer a small amount of data back and forth. This is a huge waste of time and computing resources. The algorithm of data distribution and transmission based on vehicle-borne sensor network proposed in this paper is used to solve the above problems, and some sensors on the vehicle, such as accelerometer, GPS and so on, will be used in the process of solving the problem. Finally, compared with other algorithms in the vehicle-borne ad hoc network, the data transmission efficiency of the vehicle at the intersection can be improved by at least 30% through simulation. Considering that in the sparse traffic environment, the known routing algorithms are very difficult to completely transfer a large amount of data within the average travel time of the vehicle, we propose a vehicle assisted data transmission algorithm at the intersection. This method is suitable for a large number of urgent data transmission at intersections, and can also ensure that data transmission can be carried out in sparse traffic environment.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U495;TN929.5;TP212.9

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