宽带频率步进雷达穿墙探测与成像技术研究
发布时间：2018-10-16 20:32
【摘要】：穿墙雷达，尤其是宽带穿墙雷达，已经广泛应用在了地震救援、反恐、安检等领域，随着应用领域的不断扩展和市场规模的逐渐增长，人们不仅希望穿墙雷达继续保持探测灵敏、定位准确、成像清晰的优越性能，而且还开始要求穿墙雷达向低成本、高可靠性的实用化方向发展。频率步进雷达作为一种成熟的传统雷达体制，以其系统结构简单、可靠性高、成本低廉等优点成为穿墙雷达向实用化发展的理想方案，本文对宽带频率步进雷达穿墙探测与成像技术进行探索和研究，在背景干扰消除、人体动态特征提取、人体目标定位和成像方面取得了一定进展。 本文利用矢量网络分析仪产生频率步进信号，利用电动导轨移动收发天线形成合成孔径，并通过labview软件对矢量网络分析仪和天线运动进行控制，从而建立了一套简单可靠的频率步进穿墙雷达实验平台。并利用该平台进行了大量的实测实验，，通过实测数据的分析和验证解决了穿墙成像中背景干扰强、人体特征难以提取、成像散焦等关键问题。针对穿墙探测与成像中所存在的墙体反射信号过强问题，提出静态和动态两种干扰对消方法，并通过实验分析了各自适用的场景。在对消的基础上，对人体目标的跑动、走动、静止心跳呼气等动态特征进行了提取，根据动态特征对人体目标进行测距和定位。分析了穿墙成像中电磁波在墙体中的传播特征，运用后向投影(BP)方法对目标进行成像，获得了聚焦良好的图像。
[Abstract]:Wall penetrating radar, especially broadband penetrating wall radar, has been widely used in earthquake rescue, counter-terrorism, security inspection and other fields. With the continuous expansion of application fields and the gradual growth of market scale, People not only hope that the penetrating wall radar will continue to maintain the superior performance of sensitive detection, accurate location and clear imaging, but also begin to require the development of the wall penetrating radar to the practical direction of low cost and high reliability. As a mature traditional radar system, frequency stepping radar (FPR) has become an ideal scheme for the practical development of wall-penetrating radar due to its simple structure, high reliability and low cost. In this paper, the detection and imaging technology of Wideband frequency stepping radar through the wall is explored and studied. Some progress has been made in background interference elimination, human body dynamic feature extraction, human target location and imaging. In this paper, the frequency stepping signal is generated by the vector network analyzer, and the synthetic aperture is formed by moving the receiving and receiving antenna of the electric guideway. The vector network analyzer and the antenna motion are controlled by labview software. Thus a simple and reliable experimental platform of frequency stepping through wall radar is established. Through the analysis and verification of the measured data, the key problems such as strong background interference, difficult extraction of human features and defocusing are solved by using the platform. Aiming at the problem of over-strong reflected signals in the detection and imaging of the wall, two kinds of interference cancellation methods, static and dynamic, are proposed, and their applicable scenarios are analyzed through experiments. On the basis of cancellation, the dynamic features such as running, moving and resting breath of human body target are extracted, and the range and location of human target are carried out according to the dynamic feature. In this paper, the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in the wall are analyzed, and a good focusing image is obtained by using the backward projection (BP) method to image the target.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.52
本文编号：2275557
[Abstract]:Wall penetrating radar, especially broadband penetrating wall radar, has been widely used in earthquake rescue, counter-terrorism, security inspection and other fields. With the continuous expansion of application fields and the gradual growth of market scale, People not only hope that the penetrating wall radar will continue to maintain the superior performance of sensitive detection, accurate location and clear imaging, but also begin to require the development of the wall penetrating radar to the practical direction of low cost and high reliability. As a mature traditional radar system, frequency stepping radar (FPR) has become an ideal scheme for the practical development of wall-penetrating radar due to its simple structure, high reliability and low cost. In this paper, the detection and imaging technology of Wideband frequency stepping radar through the wall is explored and studied. Some progress has been made in background interference elimination, human body dynamic feature extraction, human target location and imaging. In this paper, the frequency stepping signal is generated by the vector network analyzer, and the synthetic aperture is formed by moving the receiving and receiving antenna of the electric guideway. The vector network analyzer and the antenna motion are controlled by labview software. Thus a simple and reliable experimental platform of frequency stepping through wall radar is established. Through the analysis and verification of the measured data, the key problems such as strong background interference, difficult extraction of human features and defocusing are solved by using the platform. Aiming at the problem of over-strong reflected signals in the detection and imaging of the wall, two kinds of interference cancellation methods, static and dynamic, are proposed, and their applicable scenarios are analyzed through experiments. On the basis of cancellation, the dynamic features such as running, moving and resting breath of human body target are extracted, and the range and location of human target are carried out according to the dynamic feature. In this paper, the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in the wall are analyzed, and a good focusing image is obtained by using the backward projection (BP) method to image the target.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.52
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