分布式舰载雷达目标跟踪和数据融合仿真

发布时间：2018-10-19 10:03

【摘要】：本文重点研究了适用于DMS-SWR系统的数据融合算法，研究了目标跟踪算法、航迹关联算法及航迹融合算法等关键算法在本课题背景中的应用方案，并且研究了舰载雷达相对目标运动所引起的对系统整体跟踪精度的影响。首先，针对地波雷达所存在的角度分辨率低、非线性度强和虚警率高等特点，提出了适用于舰载地波雷达多目标跟踪的算法——基于不敏卡尔曼滤波的联合概率数据关联（JPDA/UKF）算法。仿真结果表明，本文采用的JPDA/UKF算法整体的滤波性能均优于基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的联合概率数据关联（JPDA/EKF）算法。然后，针对DMS-SWR系统所需要的航迹关联问题，本文提出了一种基于曲线拟合的航迹关联算法，该算法不会出现漏关联的情况，也无需多义性处理，原理简单，易于实现。仿真结果表明，，在一定条件下，它能得到比传统的加权法与序贯法更高的关联正确率。接着，对分布式系统常采用的简单凸组合（SF）融合算法、协方差加权航迹（WCF）融合算法和无反馈最优分布式航迹融合算法进行了理论研究与论证，并对三种算法进行了仿真分析，结果显示，对于DMS-SWR系统，这三种融合算法的性能虽略有差别，但差别不大；同时发现融合算法能有效提高系统的跟踪精度。最后，分别对含有2、3、4艘军舰的DMS-SWR系统进行研究，得出随着可融合军舰数目的增多在一定程度上可以提高整个系统的跟踪精度。对由相同精度雷达组成的DMS-SWR系统跟踪精度的影响因素的研究发现：舰船编队离目标的距离越远，所得到的跟踪精度越差；舰船编队的运动对目标的位置上的改善程度越好，所得到的的跟踪精度越高。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the data fusion algorithm suitable for DMS-SWR system is studied, and the key algorithms, such as target tracking algorithm, track association algorithm and track fusion algorithm, are studied in this paper. The influence of the relative target motion of shipborne radar on the overall tracking accuracy of the system is also studied. First of all, aiming at the characteristics of low angle resolution, strong nonlinearity and high false alarm rate of ground wave radar, In this paper, an algorithm for multi-target tracking of shipborne ground wave radar is proposed, which is a joint probabilistic data association (JPDA/UKF) algorithm based on unsensitive Kalman filter. Simulation results show that the overall filtering performance of the proposed JPDA/UKF algorithm is better than that of the extended Kalman filter based joint probabilistic data association (JPDA/EKF) algorithm. Then, in order to solve the problem of track association in DMS-SWR system, this paper presents a curve fitting based track association algorithm. The algorithm does not have the case of missing association and does not need ambiguity processing. The principle is simple and easy to implement. The simulation results show that under certain conditions, it can get a higher accuracy than the traditional weighting method and sequential method. Then, the simple convex combination (SF) fusion algorithm, covariance weighted track (WCF) fusion algorithm and the optimal distributed track fusion algorithm without feedback are theoretically studied and proved, and the three algorithms are simulated and analyzed. The results show that for DMS-SWR systems, the performance of the three fusion algorithms is slightly different, but the difference is not significant, and it is found that the fusion algorithm can effectively improve the tracking accuracy of the system. Finally, the DMS-SWR system with 4 warships of 2 / 3 is studied, and it is concluded that the tracking accuracy of the whole system can be improved to a certain extent with the increase of the number of fusible warships. The research on the factors influencing the tracking accuracy of the DMS-SWR system composed of the same precision radar shows that the farther the ship formation is from the target, the worse the tracking accuracy is, and the better the ship formation motion improves the position of the target. The higher the tracking accuracy is.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN953

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