基于物联网的地铁施工车载报警终端的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-11-03 13:51

【摘要】：伴随着城市建设的迅猛发展,地铁建设也取得了瞩目的成就。然而,受到施工技术水平在内的诸多因素限制,涌现出大量的安全生产事故问题。本课题来源于国家科技支撑计划项目,针对地铁安全生产施工中的车载报警终端进行研究。由于地铁施工环境的复杂性,很多现有的地面上的车辆报警系统无法应用到地铁施工隧道中,这增加了本课题研究的必要性。本课题是在物联网蓬勃发展的前提下,针对武汉地铁施工的现状和需求,将物联网技术应用到地铁项目建设中。整个地铁项目系统包括预警系统、检测系统和定位系统三部分。本论文针对其中的预警系统展开相关的研究,配合另外两个系统,实现统一生产指挥调度和事故预防、预警的功能。本文介绍了选题背景,分析了国内外地铁相关技术的现状和不足,并对系统所用到的相关技术如超声波测距技术、人体红外感应技术和红外对射技术进行了系统的研究。通过对武汉地铁现场环境的分析和有关的需求分析,提出了系统的解决方案,按照设计的解决方案介绍了系统整体结构和系统每一个模块的功能。针对武汉地铁的实际情况,结合物联网技术的特点,设计实现了网络的通信结构,按照无线结合有线的网络拓扑底层数据传输采用无线方式,优点是无线终端体积小、易安装,上层数据传输采用有线方式,优点是传输数据量大、抗干扰能力强、可靠性高。本文在分析了系统的整体结构后,确定了系统每一个模块的功能,按照其功能实现了每个模块的硬件设计与软件设计,并给出了模块与模块之间通信的数据包格式。经过对系统多次的测试与改进,实现了系统预期的设计要求,目前已经成功安装部署在武汉地铁项目中。本文在基于现有物联网技术的基础上,实现了数据从采集到处理,从处理到报警显示一整套过程,为地铁相关技术行业的发展起了推动作用。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urban construction, subway construction has also made remarkable achievements. However, due to many factors, such as the level of construction technology, a large number of safety accidents have emerged. This topic comes from the national science and technology support plan project, carries on the research to the vehicle alarm terminal in the subway safety production construction. Due to the complexity of subway construction environment, many existing vehicle alarm systems on the ground can not be applied to subway construction tunnel, which increases the necessity of this research. Under the premise of vigorous development of Internet of things, this paper applies the technology of Internet of things to the construction of subway project in accordance with the present situation and demand of Wuhan subway construction. The whole subway project system includes three parts: early warning system, detection system and positioning system. In this paper, the related research on the early warning system is carried out, and the function of unified production command and dispatch, accident prevention and early warning is realized with the cooperation of the other two systems. This paper introduces the background of the selected topic, analyzes the current situation and shortcomings of the related technologies of subway at home and abroad, and makes a systematic research on the related technologies such as ultrasonic ranging technology, infrared sensing technology of human body and infrared shooting technology. Based on the analysis of the site environment of Wuhan Metro and the analysis of the related requirements, the solution of the system is put forward. The overall structure of the system and the function of each module of the system are introduced according to the designed solution. According to the actual situation of Wuhan Metro and the characteristics of the Internet of things, the communication structure of the network is designed and realized. According to the wireless network topology, the wireless data transmission is adopted. The advantages of the wireless terminal are small size and easy to install. The upper data transmission adopts wired mode, which has the advantages of large amount of data transmission, strong anti-interference ability and high reliability. After analyzing the whole structure of the system, this paper determines the function of each module of the system, realizes the hardware design and software design of each module according to its function, and gives the data packet format of the communication between the module and the module. After many tests and improvements, the system has been successfully installed and deployed in Wuhan Metro Project. Based on the existing Internet of things technology, this paper realizes the whole process of data acquisition and processing, from processing to alarm display, which plays an important role in the development of subway related technology industry.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U231.3;TP391.44;TN929.5

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