基于电磁超材料的高增益天线研究
发布时间：2018-11-05 12:34
【摘要】：目前,高增益微带天线以其定向性高、重量轻和制作简单等优点,吸引了很多学者的目光。这种高增益微带天线可以广泛应用于微波领域,如RFID系统、无线通信系统、近场通信、卫星导航等。对于单一的天线而言,如果要提升它的增益和定向性,就面临着其它电磁参数的损失。而随着人工电磁超材料的提出,通过合理设计超材料的结构单元使其对电场和磁场产生相应的谐振,从而控制其负折射率带宽的范围。再通过将超材料单元与天线合理的集成,可以在不大幅度更改天线结构的情况下,提高天线的增益和定向性。基于这种思想,本文找准目标,有的放矢,结合不同系统对天线的要求,设计了两款不同类型的超材料天线,以满足不同的应用需要,这两种超材料天线结构包括天线单元,馈电网络以及超材料周期结构。文章的主要内容框架如下:前两章主要阐述了天线以及负折射率超材料的基本理论和设计理念。第三章设计了一款可以应用于气象卫星系统的基于周期性渔网结构超材料单元的的微带天线,天线部分通过使用阵列结构来提高增益,并使用一个威尔金森功分器和两个T型分支结构组成馈电网络,天线结构简单,辐射性能良好。超材料单元采用渔网结构,该结构单元中间介质版部分采用FR4板材,两面分别印刷薄金属铜片,最后将该超材料单元组合成周期结构之后加载于天线的主辐射方向。此款超材料天线在9.2GHz?9.6GHz的增益、定向性和前后比相比于单一的天线都有了显著的提高。第四章设计了一款可以应用于反导弹系统的基于SRR型(开口谐振环)结构超材料单元的超宽带Vivaldi天线。在对天线端射性能分析的基础上,通过在金属铜片的外边缘加载开口槽线,并将SRR型超材料单元并排成两排集成于天线主辐射方向前端。该结构相比于单一的Vivaldi天线结构,在8GHz?18GHz频段内的增益有了显著的提高。第五章分别将设计的两款超材料天线加工生产,并对其各项参数如增益、回波损耗、二维平面方向图等进行了测试分析。
[Abstract]:At present, high gain microstrip antenna has attracted the attention of many scholars because of its high orientation, light weight and simple fabrication. This kind of high gain microstrip antenna can be widely used in microwave fields, such as RFID system, wireless communication system, near field communication, satellite navigation and so on. For a single antenna, it faces the loss of other electromagnetic parameters if its gain and orientation are improved. With the development of artificial electromagnetic metamaterials, the corresponding resonance to electric and magnetic fields can be obtained by reasonably designing the structural elements of the supermaterials, thus controlling the range of negative refractive index bandwidth. Through the reasonable integration of the metamaterial element and the antenna, the gain and directionality of the antenna can be improved under the condition that the antenna structure is not changed by a large margin. Based on this idea, this paper presents two types of metamaterial antennas to meet the needs of different applications, which include antenna elements. Feed network and metamaterial periodic structure. The main contents are as follows: in the first two chapters, the basic theory and design idea of antenna and negative refractive index metamaterials are discussed. In chapter 3, a microstrip antenna based on periodic fishing net structure supermaterial unit is designed, which can be used in meteorological satellite system. The antenna part improves the gain by using array structure. A Wilkinson power divider and two T-type branches are used to form the feed network. The antenna has simple structure and good radiation performance. The metamaterial element adopts the fishing net structure, the intermediate medium plate of the structure unit adopts FR4 plate, the thin metal copper sheet is printed on both sides, and the supermaterial element is assembled into a periodic structure and loaded in the main radiation direction of the antenna. The gain, orientation, and front-to-front ratio of this metamaterial antenna in 9.2GHz?9.6GHz are significantly improved compared with that of single antenna. In chapter 4, an ultra-wideband (UWB) Vivaldi antenna based on SRR (open resonant ring) structure is designed for anti-missile systems. Based on the analysis of the end-to-end emission performance of the antenna, the open slot line is loaded on the outer edge of the metal copper sheet, and the SRR supermaterial elements are arranged side by side and integrated into two rows at the front end of the main radiation direction of the antenna. Compared with the single Vivaldi antenna structure, the gain in the 8GHz?18GHz band is improved significantly. In the fifth chapter, two kinds of supermaterial antennas are manufactured, and their parameters, such as gain, echo loss and two-dimensional plane pattern, are tested and analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN820
，
本文编号：2312100
[Abstract]:At present, high gain microstrip antenna has attracted the attention of many scholars because of its high orientation, light weight and simple fabrication. This kind of high gain microstrip antenna can be widely used in microwave fields, such as RFID system, wireless communication system, near field communication, satellite navigation and so on. For a single antenna, it faces the loss of other electromagnetic parameters if its gain and orientation are improved. With the development of artificial electromagnetic metamaterials, the corresponding resonance to electric and magnetic fields can be obtained by reasonably designing the structural elements of the supermaterials, thus controlling the range of negative refractive index bandwidth. Through the reasonable integration of the metamaterial element and the antenna, the gain and directionality of the antenna can be improved under the condition that the antenna structure is not changed by a large margin. Based on this idea, this paper presents two types of metamaterial antennas to meet the needs of different applications, which include antenna elements. Feed network and metamaterial periodic structure. The main contents are as follows: in the first two chapters, the basic theory and design idea of antenna and negative refractive index metamaterials are discussed. In chapter 3, a microstrip antenna based on periodic fishing net structure supermaterial unit is designed, which can be used in meteorological satellite system. The antenna part improves the gain by using array structure. A Wilkinson power divider and two T-type branches are used to form the feed network. The antenna has simple structure and good radiation performance. The metamaterial element adopts the fishing net structure, the intermediate medium plate of the structure unit adopts FR4 plate, the thin metal copper sheet is printed on both sides, and the supermaterial element is assembled into a periodic structure and loaded in the main radiation direction of the antenna. The gain, orientation, and front-to-front ratio of this metamaterial antenna in 9.2GHz?9.6GHz are significantly improved compared with that of single antenna. In chapter 4, an ultra-wideband (UWB) Vivaldi antenna based on SRR (open resonant ring) structure is designed for anti-missile systems. Based on the analysis of the end-to-end emission performance of the antenna, the open slot line is loaded on the outer edge of the metal copper sheet, and the SRR supermaterial elements are arranged side by side and integrated into two rows at the front end of the main radiation direction of the antenna. Compared with the single Vivaldi antenna structure, the gain in the 8GHz?18GHz band is improved significantly. In the fifth chapter, two kinds of supermaterial antennas are manufactured, and their parameters, such as gain, echo loss and two-dimensional plane pattern, are tested and analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN820
，
本文编号：2312100
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