基于超宽带系统应用的小型化平面陷波天线设计

发布时间：2018-11-09 19:43

【摘要】：超宽带（UWB）技术因其特点而有着广阔的发展前景和应用空间。天线作为超宽带系统的重要部分，性能的优劣会影响到整个系统。其性能直接关系着整个超宽带系统的性能，故其意义不言而喻。本文旨在设计出小型化的陷波超宽带天线，并保证其性能能够满足超宽带系统使用要求。本文前半部分主要是超宽带天线的理论部分，，先对超宽带天线的研究背景与国内外的研究进展还有超宽带的特性进行了介绍与总结，然后具体介绍与分析了超宽带天线的主要性能参数、分类和工作原理、陷波设计与实现以及带宽展宽的方法和超宽带天线的设计要求。后半部分是天线的设计部分：基于前文的基础理论和设计方法提出了一种小型化的超宽带天线和三种陷波特性的小型化超宽带天线。在介绍超宽带天线前，文章试图使用天线表面的电流分布情况探讨了超宽带天线的陷波特性；在第一款小型化超宽带天线的设计中，使用了目前较为常见的共面波导结构，天线的设计实现了小型化。本文的主要研究对象和工作内容在于小型化的多阻带特性的超宽带天线的设计。在第二款陷波天线中，天线在接地板上引入了对称的阶梯型L型缝隙，用简单的方法实现了非常理想的陷波特性；在第三款陷波天线中，不仅尝试使用了开槽引入对称性L型枝节的方法，并且在馈线上引入了改进的U型缝隙，最终实现了独立可调的陷波特性；而在第四款天线的设计中，成功地在接地板上引入L型缝隙并在辐射贴片上引入对称的L型枝节，在保证天线的小型化的同时，实现了超宽带天线的超宽带特性和带阻特性。在整个频段内天线增益稳定，而且远场方向图全向性比较好。天线的测试结果和仿真结果呈现出很好的一致性。
[Abstract]:Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has a broad development prospect and application space because of its characteristics. As an important part of UWB system, antenna performance will affect the whole system. Its performance is directly related to the performance of the whole UWB system, so its significance is self-evident. The purpose of this paper is to design a miniaturized notch UWB antenna and ensure that its performance can meet the requirements of UWB system. The first half of this paper is mainly the theoretical part of UWB antenna. Firstly, the research background and research progress of UWB antenna at home and abroad and the characteristics of UWB antenna are introduced and summarized. Then, the main performance parameters, classification and working principle of UWB antenna, the design and implementation of notch wave, the method of bandwidth broadening and the design requirements of UWB antenna are introduced and analyzed in detail. The second half is the design of antenna. Based on the basic theory and design method, a miniaturized UWB antenna and three kinds of notch characteristic miniature UWB antenna are proposed. Before introducing the UWB antenna, this paper attempts to use the current distribution on the antenna surface to discuss the notch characteristics of the UWB antenna. In the design of the first miniaturized UWB antenna, the common coplanar waveguide structure is used, and the antenna is miniaturized. The main research object and work of this paper is the design of a miniaturized UWB antenna with multi-stopband characteristics. In the second section of the notch antenna, the symmetrical ladder L-shaped slot is introduced into the floor, and the very ideal trapping characteristic is realized by simple method. In the third section of the notch antenna, not only the slotted method of introducing symmetric L-shaped branches is used, but also the improved U-shaped slot is introduced into the feeder line, and the independent and adjustable trapping characteristics are finally realized. In the design of the fourth antenna, the L-shaped slot is successfully introduced into the floor and the symmetrical L-shaped segment is introduced into the radiation patch. The ultra-wideband (UWB) and bandstop characteristics of the UWB antenna are realized while the antenna is miniaturized. The antenna gain is stable in the whole frequency band and the far field pattern is omnidirectional. The antenna test results are in good agreement with the simulation results.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN820;TN925

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