基于GPRS的远程气象数据采集传输系统的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-11-18 19:48

【摘要】：伴随着我国国民经济的不断发展，工业化水平的逐步提高，气候变化和环境问题日益凸显，国家对气象服务和环境监测业务愈加重视，而目前国内的气象监测系统多数采用人工式或有线式数据采集，这些方式不仅存在效率低、实时性差的缺点，且在较大程度上限制了应用场合的扩展。本论文在系统讨论GPRS通信技术以及各气象要素传感器检测原理的基础上，提出了一种基于GPRS远程通讯的低功耗、点对多点式气象数据采集传输系统设计方案。该系统架构整体由三大部分构成，分别为数据采集部分、远程传输部分和存储显示部分。数据采集部分以STC12C5A60S2单片机为核心，外围传感器负责环境风向、风速、温度、湿度、光照和气压数据的采集工作，按照该理念设计相应的硬件电路，包括主控制电路、电源电路、信号采集和通信部分电路。远程传输部分则由传输终端和服务器组成，传输终端以ARM9为控制中心，，通过无线路由与服务器建立基于GPRS和Internet的网络连接，并利用Socket实现数据交互。数据的存储显示部分则基于PostgreSQL数据库技术和JAVA工具实现气象数据的实时查看、历史记录查询以及图形界面显示的功能。系统在软件方面的设计主要由四部分组成，分别为：数据采集软件设计、远程传输客户端软件设计、远程传输服务器端软件设计以及人机交互图形界面软件设计。该课题从客观需求出发，实现了多种气象信息采集、传输和远程监控的自动化。整套系统以其功耗小、价格低、实现简易、扩展性强等特点，在环境监测行业中具备广阔应用前景。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of our national economy and the gradual improvement of industrialization level, climate change and environmental problems become increasingly prominent, and the state pays more and more attention to meteorological services and environmental monitoring. At present, most meteorological monitoring systems in China adopt artificial or wired data acquisition. These methods not only have the shortcomings of low efficiency and poor real-time performance, but also limit the expansion of applications to a large extent. Based on the systematic discussion of GPRS communication technology and the detection principle of meteorological element sensors, a low power point to multi-point meteorological data acquisition and transmission system based on GPRS remote communication is proposed in this paper. The architecture of the system consists of three parts: data acquisition, remote transmission and storage and display. The data acquisition part is based on STC12C5A60S2 single chip microcomputer. The peripheral sensors are responsible for collecting the data of wind direction, wind speed, temperature, humidity, illumination and air pressure. According to this concept, the corresponding hardware circuits are designed, including the main control circuit and the power circuit. Signal acquisition and communication circuit. The remote transmission part is composed of the transmission terminal and the server. The transmission terminal takes ARM9 as the control center, establishes the network connection based on GPRS and Internet with the server through the wireless route, and realizes the data exchange using Socket. The data storage and display part is based on PostgreSQL database technology and JAVA tools to realize the real-time view of meteorological data, history query and graphical interface display function. The software design of the system consists of four parts: data acquisition software design, remote transmission client software design, remote transmission server software design and human-computer interactive graphical interface software design. Based on the objective demand, the subject realizes the automation of many meteorological information collection, transmission and remote monitoring. Because of its advantages of low power consumption, low price, easy implementation and strong expansibility, the whole system has a broad application prospect in the environmental monitoring industry.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P413;TN929.532

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