基于PCI-E总线的4路Camera Link视频图像采集卡设计

发布时间：2018-11-18 22:22

【摘要】：视频监控是当今社会蓬勃发展的智能建筑项目不可缺失的重要组成成分。它随着数字视频技术和电子技术的快速发展,正朝着数字化和智能化方向迅速进化。作为视频监控系统前端设备的视频图像采集卡担负着图像采集和传输的重要责任,已经成为重点研究内容。随着数字摄像头在视频监控中逐步取代模拟摄像头的趋势发展,基于Camera Link新型接口的高分辨、高质量的摄像头由于其快速传输速率正在逐步运用其中,但与之匹配的Camera Link图像采集卡由于高昂的价格及性能冗余并不能为普通用户接受。同时由于大容量、高带宽的极高性能要求,目前国内图像采集卡基于多路Camera Link接口的产品少之又少。本文的目的就是设计一个实时、快速、经济的采集卡以满足图像高效传输的要求。本论文主要设计一种基于PCI Express总线的4路Camera Link接口的数字视频图像采集卡。与传统采集卡相比,该多路Camera Link采集卡以FPGA为逻辑实现的核心器件,不仅实现了图像的采集功能,而且实现了摄像机性能控制及多路视频源的同步接收,简化了硬件结构,节约系统成本；采用新型Camera Link接口接收摄像头输入的图像数据,提高了采集卡的传输速率和抗干扰能力；将接收到的图像数据缓存至外部存储器DDR2SDRAM中,弥补了低端FPGA芯片内存SRAM容量小和SDR SDRAM读写慢的问题；通过×4通道的PCI Express总线与上位机相连,满足工程多路图像同步接收对高速传输速率的要求。论文首先介绍了视频图像采集卡的研究背景,研究现状和课题来源,并针对设计中用到的关键技术如Camera Link接口及LVDS技术、FPGA技术、PCI Express总线技术进行了简单阐述。其次设计主要从采集卡的整体设计方案选择、硬件电路和FPGA各功能模块实现几个方面进行分析,详细介绍了图像采集接口、DDR2SDRAM接口以及PCI Express总线接口硬件电路设计,重点研究了4路CameraLink图像采集模块、PCI Express总线接口模块、DDR2SDRAM控制模块具体软件实现。最后论文采用Modelsim SE工具对采集卡的主要单元进行了功能仿真和测试,并对仿真和测试结果进行分析和讨论,证明了设计方案的可行性和合理性,满足课题设计要求。
[Abstract]:Video surveillance is an important component of intelligent building project. With the rapid development of digital video technology and electronic technology, it is rapidly evolving towards the direction of digitalization and intelligence. As the front-end equipment of the video surveillance system, the video image acquisition card bears the important responsibility of image acquisition and transmission, and has become the key research content. With the development of digital camera replacing analog camera in video surveillance, high resolution based on new Camera Link interface and high quality camera are being used gradually because of its fast transmission rate. But the matching Camera Link image acquisition card can not be accepted by ordinary users due to its high price and performance redundancy. At the same time, due to the high performance requirements of large capacity and high bandwidth, there are very few products of domestic image acquisition card based on multi-channel Camera Link interface. The purpose of this paper is to design a real-time, fast and economical acquisition card to meet the requirements of efficient image transmission. This paper mainly designs a digital video image acquisition card based on PCI Express bus and 4 channels Camera Link interface. Compared with the traditional acquisition card, the multi-channel Camera Link acquisition card uses FPGA as the core device, which not only realizes the function of image acquisition, but also realizes the performance control of the camera and the synchronous receiving of the multi-channel video source, which simplifies the hardware structure. Saving system cost; The new Camera Link interface is used to receive the image data input from the camera, which improves the transmission rate and anti-interference ability of the acquisition card. The received image data is cached into the external memory DDR2SDRAM, which makes up for the small memory SRAM capacity of the low-end FPGA chip and the slow reading and writing of SDR SDRAM. The PCI Express bus of the 脳 4 channel is connected to the host computer, which meets the requirement of the high speed transmission rate of the multi-channel synchronous image reception. Firstly, this paper introduces the research background, research status and source of the video image acquisition card, and briefly describes the key technologies used in the design, such as Camera Link interface and LVDS technology, FPGA technology and, PCI Express bus technology. Secondly, the design mainly analyzes the whole design scheme of the acquisition card, the hardware circuit and the realization of each function module of FPGA, and introduces in detail the hardware circuit design of image acquisition interface, DDR2SDRAM interface and PCI Express bus interface. Four CameraLink image acquisition module, PCI Express bus interface module and DDR2SDRAM control module are studied in detail. Finally, the paper uses Modelsim SE tool to simulate and test the main unit of the acquisition card, and analyzes and discusses the simulation and test results, which proves the feasibility and rationality of the design scheme and meets the requirements of the subject design.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN948.6

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