微带圆极化天线的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-11-19 11:15

【摘要】：由于微带天线具有质量轻、低剖面、体积小、易于制造等优点,现如今已经广泛地应用于各种无线通信技术中。同时,近年来,由于天线使用平台的特殊要求,传统的单一的线极化天线已经不能满足实际的要求,圆极化天线越来越受到人们的重视。因此,微带圆极化天线已经成为当前研究的重要课题。当前圆极化微带天线的研究课题有高增益圆极化天线、宽频带圆极化微带天线等,基于上述研究背景和理论,本文主要设计几种小型化的微带圆极化天线,主要内容如下:1.设计了一个低剖面UHF频段的共形圆极化天线,采用渐变十字交叉槽来实现圆极化辐射,用一分四功分器进行馈电,天线尺寸为300mm×300mm×30 mm。仿真结果良好,天线在波束覆盖范围内-60~60oo的增益?1-dBi,同时,在波束覆盖范围内-60~60oo轴比AR?6dB,右旋圆极化性能良好。2.设计了一个UHF频段小型化右旋圆极化微带天线,天线的尺寸为324mm×324mm×324 mm,该天线采用了正交双H槽缝隙耦合馈电,仿真优化后的天线性能良好,在工作频点处的最大增益大于6.5dB,电压驻波比VSWR小于1.5,交叉极化性能良好。3.设计了一个S频段双H槽耦合馈电的左旋圆极化天线阵列,采用一分八的功分器进行馈电,得到的仿真结果良好,天线在工作频点处的最大增益在12dB以上,轴比AR?1dB,左旋圆极化性能良好,满足设计指标要求。4.把前面设计的两个双H槽耦合馈电的UHF频段和S频段的天线结构组合在一起,用UHF频段天线最上层的辐射贴片来当成S频段的地板,同时又当做UHF频段的辐射贴片,这样就构成了一个复合天线。对天线模型进行调整分析,最后得到的复合天线在UHF频段和S频段的性能良好。最后对全文工作进行了总结,提出了有待于进一步研究和改进的问题。
[Abstract]:Microstrip antennas have been widely used in various wireless communication technologies due to their advantages of light weight, low profile, small volume, easy to manufacture and so on. At the same time, in recent years, due to the special requirements of the antenna platform, the traditional single line polarization antenna can not meet the actual requirements, circular polarization antenna has been paid more and more attention. Therefore, microstrip circular polarization antenna has become an important research topic. The current research topics of circular polarized microstrip antenna include high gain circular polarization antenna, wide band circular polarized microstrip antenna and so on. Based on the above research background and theory, several miniaturized microstrip circularly polarized antennas are designed in this paper. The main contents are as follows: 1. A conformal circular polarization antenna with low profile UHF band is designed. The cross slot is used to realize circular polarization radiation. The antenna is fed with a four power divider. The size of the antenna is 300mm 脳 300mm 脳 30 mm.. The simulation results show that the gain of 60~60oo in the range of beam coverage is 1-dBi. at the same time, the performance of 60~60oo axis is better than that of AR?6dB, in the range of beam coverage. 2. A miniaturized dextral circularly polarized microstrip antenna in UHF band is designed. The size of the antenna is 324mm 脳 324mm 脳 324 mm,. The antenna is fed by orthogonal double H slot coupling. The simulation results show that the antenna has good performance. The maximum gain at operating frequency is greater than 6.5 dB, the VSWR is less than 1.5, and the cross-polarization performance is good. A S-band double-H-slot coupled left-handed circularly polarized antenna array is designed, which is fed by a one-to-eight power divider. The simulation results show that the maximum gain of the antenna at the operating frequency is above 12dB and the axial ratio is AR?1dB,. The left circle polarization performance is good and meets the design requirements. 4. 4. Combining the UHF band and the S band antenna structure of the two double H slot coupling feeders designed in front, the radiation patch of the upper layer of the UHF band antenna is used as the floor of the S band, and at the same time it is used as the radiation patch in the UHF band. This constitutes a composite antenna. The antenna model is adjusted and analyzed, and the performance of the composite antenna in UHF and S band is good. Finally, the paper summarizes the work and puts forward some problems to be further studied and improved.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN821.1

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