基于指纹的无线室内定位中接入点选择算法研究
发布时间：2018-11-22 16:12
【摘要】：随着移动设备和无线局域网的普及,定位服务越来越成为人们生活中必不可少的功能。相比于目前已经很成熟的户外GPS地图定位,室内位置信息的获取,特别是在场地复杂的公共场所比如大型超市、商场、博物馆等环境中,也成为日益需求的服务。而随着室内无线信号设施被广泛部署,该技术的应用覆盖广以及部署开销小的优势,使得基于WLAN的室内定位技术成为近年来定位服务领域重要的研究发展方向。 本文对WLAN室内定位技术进行了深入研究,首先分析了WLAN室内定位技术的研究现状,在此基础上,在已部署接入点(Access Points, APs)的场景下研究室内定位技术,对基于指纹的室内定位中的AP选择算法进行了分析,并提出了相应的改进算法,提高了室内定位算法的精度,具体工作如下： 一、本文通过在已部署APs的无线室内场景中采集无线信号数据,从定位的角度分析了无线WiFi信号在复杂的室内环境中的传播特性,并且考虑在实现定位算法时采样点位置和间距、选择的AP个数,以及室内环境特别是墙壁、走动的人群对定位误差的影响。对于这些因素目前主要是靠经验来确定,而本文通过真实室内办公环境下定位实验,分析了上述条件对室内定位误差的影响,为后面AP选择算法的优化和定位系统的设计与实现提供了很好的理论支持。 二、本文重点研究了无线室内定位中指纹库匹配定位方法中的AP选择算法,以提高基于指纹的定位技术的精度和稳定性。对于定位技术中的AP选择策略,本文考虑在构建指纹库时,对采样点采集到的多个APs无线信号,选取哪些APs的信号数据作为样本,使得能够在减小实时定位计算复杂度的同时,又能过滤掉误差较大的采样数据,进而提高定位精度。本文提出了新的算法——稳定AP优先算法,对于接收到的APs无线信号数据,选择受环境影响最小且出现频率最高的APs的样本数据存储到指纹库中。实验证明,相比于已有的AP选择算法,稳定AP优先算法取得了较高的定位精度。 三、本文在Android移动终端上实现了一个无线室内定位原型应用系统,系统中采用了本文提出的稳定AP优先算法和广泛应用的最近邻定位算法。通过实际环境测试,该定位原型系统能够很好地实现室内定位功能,定位精度达到2米。该系统为以后基于指纹的WLAN室内定位关键技术的研究奠定了基础。 本文的研究成果对于提高无线室内定位方法的精度具有一定的应用价值。
[Abstract]:With the popularity of mobile devices and wireless local area networks (WLAN), positioning services have become an essential function in people's lives. Compared with the mature outdoor GPS map location, the acquisition of indoor location information, especially in complex public places such as supermarkets, shopping malls, museums and other environments, has become an increasingly demanding service. With the wide deployment of indoor wireless signal facilities and the advantages of wide application coverage and low deployment overhead, indoor positioning technology based on WLAN has become an important research and development direction in the field of location services in recent years. In this paper, the WLAN indoor positioning technology is deeply studied. Firstly, the research status of WLAN indoor positioning technology is analyzed. On this basis, the indoor positioning technology is studied under the scene of (Access Points, APs), the deployed access point. This paper analyzes the AP selection algorithm in indoor location based on fingerprint, and puts forward the corresponding improved algorithm, which improves the precision of indoor location algorithm. The specific work is as follows: 1. In this paper, by collecting wireless signal data in the wireless indoor scene of deployed APs, the propagation characteristics of wireless WiFi signal in complex indoor environment are analyzed from the point of view of location, and the location and spacing of sampling points are considered when the localization algorithm is implemented. The number of selected AP, as well as the impact of indoor environment, especially the wall, moving crowd on the positioning error. For these factors are mainly determined by experience, and through the real indoor office environment positioning experiments, the above conditions on the impact of indoor positioning error, It provides a good theoretical support for the optimization of AP selection algorithm and the design and implementation of location system. Secondly, this paper focuses on the AP selection algorithm of fingerprint database matching location in wireless indoor location, in order to improve the accuracy and stability of fingerprint based location technology. For the AP selection strategy in the localization technology, this paper considers which APs signal data can be selected as samples for the multiple APs wireless signals collected from the sampling points when constructing the fingerprint database, which makes it possible to reduce the computational complexity of real-time location at the same time. The sampling data with large error can be filtered out, and the positioning accuracy can be improved. In this paper, a new algorithm, the stable AP priority algorithm, is proposed. For the received APs wireless signal data, the sample data of the APs which is the least affected by the environment and the highest frequency is selected to be stored in the fingerprint database. Compared with the existing AP selection algorithm, the stable AP priority algorithm has achieved higher positioning accuracy. Thirdly, this paper implements a wireless indoor positioning prototype application system on Android mobile terminal. The stable AP priority algorithm and the nearest neighbor location algorithm which are widely used in the system are used in the system. Through the actual environment test, the positioning prototype system can realize the indoor positioning function well, and the positioning accuracy is 2 meters. The system lays a foundation for the future research of the key technologies of WLAN indoor location based on fingerprint. The research results of this paper have certain application value to improve the precision of wireless indoor positioning method.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN925.93
本文编号：2349855
[Abstract]:With the popularity of mobile devices and wireless local area networks (WLAN), positioning services have become an essential function in people's lives. Compared with the mature outdoor GPS map location, the acquisition of indoor location information, especially in complex public places such as supermarkets, shopping malls, museums and other environments, has become an increasingly demanding service. With the wide deployment of indoor wireless signal facilities and the advantages of wide application coverage and low deployment overhead, indoor positioning technology based on WLAN has become an important research and development direction in the field of location services in recent years. In this paper, the WLAN indoor positioning technology is deeply studied. Firstly, the research status of WLAN indoor positioning technology is analyzed. On this basis, the indoor positioning technology is studied under the scene of (Access Points, APs), the deployed access point. This paper analyzes the AP selection algorithm in indoor location based on fingerprint, and puts forward the corresponding improved algorithm, which improves the precision of indoor location algorithm. The specific work is as follows: 1. In this paper, by collecting wireless signal data in the wireless indoor scene of deployed APs, the propagation characteristics of wireless WiFi signal in complex indoor environment are analyzed from the point of view of location, and the location and spacing of sampling points are considered when the localization algorithm is implemented. The number of selected AP, as well as the impact of indoor environment, especially the wall, moving crowd on the positioning error. For these factors are mainly determined by experience, and through the real indoor office environment positioning experiments, the above conditions on the impact of indoor positioning error, It provides a good theoretical support for the optimization of AP selection algorithm and the design and implementation of location system. Secondly, this paper focuses on the AP selection algorithm of fingerprint database matching location in wireless indoor location, in order to improve the accuracy and stability of fingerprint based location technology. For the AP selection strategy in the localization technology, this paper considers which APs signal data can be selected as samples for the multiple APs wireless signals collected from the sampling points when constructing the fingerprint database, which makes it possible to reduce the computational complexity of real-time location at the same time. The sampling data with large error can be filtered out, and the positioning accuracy can be improved. In this paper, a new algorithm, the stable AP priority algorithm, is proposed. For the received APs wireless signal data, the sample data of the APs which is the least affected by the environment and the highest frequency is selected to be stored in the fingerprint database. Compared with the existing AP selection algorithm, the stable AP priority algorithm has achieved higher positioning accuracy. Thirdly, this paper implements a wireless indoor positioning prototype application system on Android mobile terminal. The stable AP priority algorithm and the nearest neighbor location algorithm which are widely used in the system are used in the system. Through the actual environment test, the positioning prototype system can realize the indoor positioning function well, and the positioning accuracy is 2 meters. The system lays a foundation for the future research of the key technologies of WLAN indoor location based on fingerprint. The research results of this paper have certain application value to improve the precision of wireless indoor positioning method.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN925.93
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